CT Assessment of Global and Regional Cardiac Function: State of the Art
Reliable assessment of cardiac function is an important tool for diagnosis and prognosis of multiple cardiac and extracardiac diseases. Echocardiography and MRI are the most commonly used methods to evaluate cardiac function, but can be limited or contrai
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Contents
Abstract
1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
Introduction.......................................................................... Value of Functional Information of RV and LV ................. Existing Noninvasive Methods to Quantify Function.......... Indications/Contraindications ................................................ Drawbacks..............................................................................
26 26 26 27 27
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8
Technique.............................................................................. Retrospective Acquisition ..................................................... Implication of Scanner Type................................................. Beta Blockers......................................................................... Contrast Injection .................................................................. Reconstruction Phases ........................................................... Post-Processing ...................................................................... Semi-automatic Versus Automatic Versus Manual ............. Calculation of Values ............................................................
28 28 28 29 29 30 31 31 32
3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Left Ventricle ....................................................................... Normal Values....................................................................... Comparison with Echo, MR ................................................. Wall Motion Abnormalities .................................................. Disease Entities of the LV ....................................................
33 33 33 33 35
4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Right Ventricle..................................................................... Normal Values....................................................................... Indications.............................................................................. Pulmonary Embolism ............................................................ ARVD/C ................................................................................ Congenital Heart Disease ......................................................
36 36 36 37 38 38
5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
Left Atrium .......................................................................... Indication ............................................................................... Normal Values....................................................................... Comparison with Other Techniques ..................................... Technique............................................................................... Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction ...................
38 38 39 39 39 39
6
Summary...............................................................................
39
References......................................................................................
39
R. Agrawal S. Abbara (&) Cardiac MRCT Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA e-mail: SAbbara@Partners.
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