Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Moroccan Arabic Version of the Muslim Belief into Action (BIAC) Scale
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Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Moroccan Arabic Version of the Muslim Belief into Action (BIAC) Scale Ismail Rammouz1,2,3 · Rachid Aalouane1,4 · Samira El Fakir5 · Mohamed El Ghazi6 · Hanane Bennoudi6 · Naima Trimasse7 · Redouane Madaoui7 · Saïd Boujraf1 · Harold G. Koenig8,9 Accepted: 10 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Various approaches have been developed to comprehensively assess multiple dimensions of religiosity. The Belief into Action (BIAC) Scale was developed for this purpose and to evaluate the degree of translation of personal beliefs into real-life actions. The goal of the present study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Moroccan Arabic version of the Muslim BIAC, designed to assess the religiosity of Muslims. This study was conducted in two stages. First, the original version of Muslim BIAC was translated from English to Arabic using a standard forward–backward translation procedure. Second, the Moroccan Arabic version of the Muslim BIAC was administered to a sample of 132 students at Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco (mean age 22.2 years). The average score on the BIAC was 46.1 (SD = 17.2). The Cronbach’s alpha for internal reliability was 0.81, with alphas for removed items ranging from 0.77 to 0.82. Test–retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.87 (95% CI = 0.83–0.91). Discriminant validity indicated relatively weak correlations with depressive symptoms (r = − 0.06) and perceived stress (r = 0.08). The Moroccan Arabic version of the Muslim BIAC is a reliable and valid measure of religious involvement that can be used to assess the relationship between religiosity and health in Moroccan Arabic populations. Keywords Scale validation · BIAC · Muslim · Reliability · Validity · Moroccan Arabic
* Ismail Rammouz [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Religion and Health
Introduction Over the past 30 years, the relationship between spirituality and health has been examined using many different measures of religiosity. Much of this research has found a positive relationship between religiosity/spiritual (R/S) and mental health in particular (Koenig et al. 2018; Slater et al. 2001; Smothers et al. 2018). Indeed, studies from all over the whole world have reported that various aspects of R/S spirituality affect depression symptoms, lower the incidence of suicide, and decrease the severity of alcohol or substance use (Kendler and Myers 2009; Yeterian et al. 2015; Rosmarin et al. 2020). Examples might be cited such as the impact of R/S on anxiety disorders (Koenig et al. 2018), depressive disorders (Braam and Koenig 2019; Amadi et al. 2016; Lee et al. 2017; Anyfantakis et al. 2015), suicidal behaviors (O’Reilly and Rosato 2015; Neeleman et al. 1997; Lawrence et al. 2016; Svob et al. 2018) and substance use disorders (Kendler et al. 1997, 2003; King and Koenig 2009; Burdette et al. 2018; Gmel et al. 2013
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