Decellularization and In Vivo Recellularization of Abdominal Porcine Fascial Tissue
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Online ISSN 2212-5469
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Decellularization and In Vivo Recellularization of Abdominal Porcine Fascial Tissue Julio C. Sa´nchez1 • Diana M. Dı´az1 • Leidy V. Sa´nchez1 • Anı´bal Valencia-Va´squez1 Juan F. Quintero1 • Laura V. Mun˜oz1 • Andre´s F. Bernal2 • Germa´n Osorio2 • ´ lvaro Guerra1 • Juliana Buitrago1 A
•
Received: 11 August 2020 / Revised: 11 September 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 Ó The Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society 2020
Abstract BACKGROUND: Tissue decellularization has evolved as a promising approach for tissue engineering applications. METHODS: In this study, we harvested fascial tissue from porcine anterior abdominal wall and the samples were decellularized with a combination of agents such as Triton X-100, trypsin and DNAase. Afterwards, we evaluated cell removal by histological analysis and DNA quantification. Mechanical functionality was evaluated by applying a range of hydrostatic pressures. A sample of decellularized fascia was transplanted into a rabbit and after 15 days a biopsy of this tissue was examined; the animal was observed during 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: The extracellular matrix was retained with a complete decellularization as evidenced by histologic examination. The DNA content was significantly reduced. The scaffold preserved its tensile mechanical properties. The graft was incorporated into a full thickness defect made in the rabbit abdominal wall. This tissue was infiltrated by granulation and inflammatory cells and the histologic structure was preserved 15 days after surgery. The animal did not develop hernias, infections or other complications, after a 6-months of follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol of decellularization of fascial tissue employed in this study proved to be efficient. The mechanical test demonstrated that the samples were not damaged and maintained its physical characteristics; clinical evolution of the rabbit, recipient of the decellularized fascia, demonstrated that the graft was effective as a replacement of native tissue.In conclusion, a biological scaffold derived from porcine fascial tissue may be a suitable candidate for tissue engineering applications. Keywords Fascia Scaffold Decellularization In vivo recellularization
1 Introduction The repair of abdominal wall defects represents one of the most common elective procedures performed in the general population. However, it has always been a surgical challenge. The principal causes of these defects are previous & Julio C. Sa´nchez [email protected] 1
Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnolo´gica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
2
Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellı´n, Antioquia, Colombia
surgery [1], trauma [2], infection [3], congenital conditions [4] or neoplastic diseases [5]. They have been principally repaired through primary closure or the implantation of synthetic grafts, which are mechanical and durable but do not have a complete capacity to biointegrate with the host tissue, i
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