Definition and Classification of Halophytes as an Ecological Group of Plants
The definition of halophytes is manifold. The concept evolved from the broader ecological definition of halophytes to specialize physiological and biochemical definitions; they are often arbitrarily based on numerical values of salinity thresholds. Classi
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Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition of Halophytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Halophytes and Glycophytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Classification of Halophytes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What Is an “Obligatory” Halophyte? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physiological Drought of Soil and the Position of Halophytes Within Ecological Groups of Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
The definition of halophytes is manifold. The concept evolved from the broader ecological definition of halophytes to specialize physiological and biochemical definitions; they are often arbitrarily based on numerical values of salinity thresholds. Classifications of halophytes are mainly focused on the affinity of plants for salts, for instance, their “obligatory” requirement for high salinity, in the case of euhalophytes (obligatory halophytes). Definitions of halophytes and their classification in an ecological frame are very important for establishing a correlation between halophytes and xerophytes, through the concept of physiological drought. Keywords
Halophyte · Euhalophyte · Glycophyte · Salinity
M.-N. Grigore (*) Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Ias‚ i, Ias‚ i, Romania e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M.-N. Grigore (ed.), Handbook of Halophytes, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_1-1
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M.-N. Grigore
Introduction
There are many definitions of halophytes that were attributed to them during time; halophytes are very diverse from taxonomical, morphological, anatomical, and even ecological point of view, so it is very problematic to find a unique definition of halophytes (Grigore 2008a, b, 2012; Grigore et al. 2010, 2012, 2014; Grigore and Toma 2010a, 2017; Grigore 2019). Grigore et al. (2010) discussed several aspects on the difficulty of approaching a “standard” definition of halophytes. While halophytes have been
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