Depressive Symptoms Mediate the Relationship between Emotional Cutoff and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Depressive Symptoms Mediate the Relationship between Emotional Cutoff and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Ami Cohen 1
&
Ora Peleg 2 & Amira Sarhana 2 & Shany Lam 2 & Iris Haimov 1
# International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2019
Abstract Background Differentiation of self is a family systems construct defined as the ability to balance intimacy and autonomy and to separate instinctually driven emotional reactions and thoughtfully considered goal-directed functioning. In theory, low differentiation of self is reflected by four components: a low tendency to take an I-position in relationships (i.e., to own one’s thoughts and feelings); emotional cutoff from others; a greater tendency to fuse with others; and a tendency towards emotional reactivity. Low differentiation of self is associated with anxiety and depression, which are risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The current study examines the relationship between differentiation of self and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (N = 107) and healthy individuals (N = 145) completed the Differentiation of Self Inventory-Revised (DSI-R), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Results Compared with healthy individuals, participants with type 2 diabetes had more severe depressive symptoms, higher levels of emotional cutoff, and a lower tendency to take an I-position, but had similar levels of trait anxiety, emotional reactivity, and fusion with others (factor analysis revealed these factors were not separable in the current sample and thus were merged into a single construct). Importantly, the severity of depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between emotional cutoff and being in the type 2 diabetes study group rather than the healthy group. Conclusion These findings suggest a new perspective on the role of psychological patterns in type 2 diabetes mellitus development and progression. Keywords Type 2 diabetes . Differentiation of self . Emotional cutoff . I-position . Depression . Trait anxiety Ami Cohen and Ora Peleg contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-019-09816-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ami Cohen [email protected] Ora Peleg [email protected] Amira Sarhana [email protected] Shany Lam [email protected] Iris Haimov [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
2
Department of Counseling and Education, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Emek Yezreel, Israel
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose, insulin resistance, and a relative lack of insulin [1], is considered a global epidemic, and its prevalence is constantly on the rise [2]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been found to be associated with a number of factors: obesity, physical inactivity, processed food consumption, an
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