Determinants of anxiety and depression in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Determinants of anxiety and depression in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome Siming Jia1,2†, Xiaoying Shi2,3†, Guanglian Liu4, Li Wang1, Xiaoran Zhang1, Xuelin Ma1, Jia Li5 and Xinzhong Shao1*
Abstract Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study to assess the proportions of anxiety and depression in patients with CuTS, and to explore the associated demographic and clinical features. Methods: From May 2011 to January 2017, 246 patients diagnosed with CuTS were recruited. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess the proportions of depression and anxiety. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression were carried out to identify the variables that were independently associated with anxiety and depression. Results: The proportions of depression and anxiety were 17.9% (n = 44) and 14.2% (n = 35), respectively. Five patients had both possible/probable anxiety and depression. Logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus was independently associated with depression; and the modified McGowan grade was independently associated with anxiety. Conclusions: In patients with CuTS, the proportions of depression and anxiety were 17.9% and 14.2%, respectively. Early screening for anxiety and depression is beneficial for patients with CuTS. Keywords: Cubital tunnel syndrome, Anxiety, Depression, Neurophysiology, Hospital based study
Background Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is the second most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome, caused by compression of the ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel at the elbow [1–3]. Patients with CuTS are often troubled by symptoms like tingling and pain in the small finger and ulnar half of the ring finger [4]. As the condition progresses, muscular weakening and muscular atrophy will occur [5]. Owing to these symptoms, patients’ quality of life and the ability to continue employment may be impacted. CuTS and depression are highly prevalent conditions, specifically among women [6]. In the general population, the global prevalence for major depressive disorder is 5%, whereas for anxiety disorders is 4% [7]. Mood disorders such as depression and anxiety increase the pain perceived and * Correspondence: [email protected] † Siming Jia and Xiaoying Shi are co-first authors 1 Department of Hand Surgery, The Third hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
worsen the functional status [8]. Many published articles focus on disease progression, but few studies on patients’ mental status [9]. In a cross-sectional study, Van et al. [10] found patients with disorders on the upper extremity were more frequently reported anxiety and depression. They reported the proportions of depressive and anxiety disorders were 16 and 9% in patients with CuTS. Therefore, it is important to assess the mental status of patients with CuTS. The aim of the study was to assess the proportions of
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