Development of sustainable approaches for converting the agro-weeds Ludwigia hyssopifolia to biogas production
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Development of sustainable approaches for converting the agro-weeds Ludwigia hyssopifolia to biogas production Huyen Thu Thi Nong 1,2 & Kanda Whangchai 3 & Yuwalee Unpaprom 2,4 & Churat Thararux 1 & Rameshprabu Ramaraj 1,2 Received: 9 September 2020 / Revised: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate potential biogas production from Ludwigia hyssopifolia (water primrose) and examine the effect of alkaline pretreatment on samples through biogas production efficiencies. The research was carried out for 45 days of operation from anaerobic mono-digestion of water primrose by using a batch experiment. Pretreatment was applied for substrate using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution (w/v) at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%) with 10% of total solids (TS) based on dry matter. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were captured to investigate the characteristics of the raw material and pretreated biomass. The results showed that the treatment with 2% NaOH has the highest performance in biogas yield (8072.00 mL) and methane content (64.72%). Notably, the increase (3, 4%) or decreasing (0, 1%) NaOH concentration in treating water primrose did not achieve a significant improvement. Further investigation in the power potential of produced biogas was calculated, and the result was 22,382.19 W/m3 power. Consequently, the feasibility of the alkaline pretreatment method for biogas production and achievable potential for energy efficiency indicates that water primrose is appropriate agroweed biomass for bioenergy applications. Keywords Water primrose . Pretreatment . Mono-digestion . Biogas production
1 Introduction The energy consumption in the world is overexploitation due to population development and economic growth has led to several problems that need to be tackled, such as climate change, the loss of natural resources, or the environmental population [1, 2]. Also, the energy demand has risen significantly, which may face the fossil fuels crisis as today more than 88% of the main energy used still relies on fossil fuels [3] and once combusted, a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission to be released [4]. * Rameshprabu Ramaraj [email protected]; [email protected] 1
School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
2
Sustainable Resources & Sustainable Engineering Research Lab, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
3
Center of Excellence in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
4
Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
This matter has given a growing concern in greenhouse gas emission as well as energy security that is leading to an increase in the proliferation of various research on alternative energy [5, 6]. The concept of alternative energy is often referred to as renewable energy; it includes the energy supplied from nat
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