Developmental processes in hot chilli ( Capsicum chinense Jacq.) as affected by elevated carbondioxide and temperature
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Developmental processes in hot chilli (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) as affected by elevated carbondioxide and temperature Sangita Das1 • Ranjan Das2
•
Prakash Kalita2 • Bhagawan Bharali1
Received: 5 April 2018 / Accepted: 20 May 2020 Ó Indian Society for Plant Physiology 2020
Abstract A study was conducted during 2012–2014 in carbondioxide temperature gradient tunnels (CTGTs) and in ambient condition to assess the interaction effect of elevated carbondioxide and temperature in two genotypes of Capsicum chinense Jacq. on some developmental processes. The treatments consisted of field (ambient CO2 and ambient temperature), CTGT I (380 ppm CO2 and ambient temperature), CTGT II (550 ppm CO2 with ambient temp. ? 2 °C elevation) and CTGT III (750 ppm CO2 with ambient temp. ? 4 °C elevation). Elevated CO2 and temperature brought about a significant difference in phyllochron index and leaf number in both the years. A lower phyllochron or higher leaf emission rate was reported in cv. Manipur over cv. Assam. A variation among the species was also observed in the present experiment where days to anthesis was much more accelerated in cv. Manipur than that of cv. Assam. There was a significant difference in days to anthesis between the cultivars, treatments and interaction of treatments and cultivars. A significant difference in number of fruit/plant was noted amongst the treatments and among the cultivars in both the years. This indicates the responses of genotypes under future climate change conditions. Keywords Capsicum chinense CTGT Days to anthesis Elevated carbondioxide High temperature Phyllochron
& Ranjan Das [email protected] 1
SCS College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University, Dhubri, Assam 783376, India
2
Department of Crop Physiology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
Introduction Carbon dioxide is an important long lived trace gas in the atmosphere currently constituting about 400 ppm of the atmosphere. Due to global warming it is expected that CO2 value might reach between 700 and 1000 ppm by the end of this century (Meehl et al. 2007). Plants have been directly affected by rising atmospheric CO2 concentration because CO2 is the first molecular link from atmosphere to biosphere. Carbondioxide being the primary raw material for photosynthesis, has becomes the nerve of the entire food chain (Rogers et al. 1994). Extreme climate changes such as floods, droughts and heat due to increasing GHG has led to induction of oxidative in plants (Cassia et al. 2018). The various antioxidant system found in plants that includes various detoxifying enzymes and antioxidant molecules are located in most of the subcellular compartments (reviewed by Choudhury et al. 2017). The exponential rise of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere with concomitant increase of temperature is alarming to the plant. The impacts of climate change on crop productivity will be greatly influenced by how climate affects the rate of crop development, and hence the timing of crop growth (Craufo
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