Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Pepper ( Capsicum chinense Jacq.) from Korea
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2018 (December) 21 (5) : 499 ~ 506 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-018-0210-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Phenotypic Variation in a Germplasm Collection of Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) from Korea Binod Prasad Luitel1, Na-Young Ro2, Ho-Cheol Ko3, Jung-Sook Sung2, Ju-Hee Rhee2, On-Sook Hur2* 1
National Agriculture Genetic Resources Centre, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Nepal National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea 3 Planning and Coordination Bureau, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54875, Republic of Korea 2
Received: November 04, 2018 / Revised: November 12, 2018 / Accepted: December 11, 2018 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2018
Abstract A total of 47 core collections of pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) conserved in National Agrobiodiversity Center (NAC) were studied under field condition at Jeonju over two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). All accessions were characterized for their 14 qualitative and 16 quantitative characters. Results revealed that both qualitative and quantitative characters exhibited wide variation among the studied germplasm. Distribution of fruit characters (fruit length, width, and fruit wall thickness) among the accessions was positively skewed. Of the 47 accessions evaluated, 38.3% accessions had conical shaped fruits and mature fruit color was predominantly red (51.1%), orange (21.3%) and yellow (14.9%). Principal component analyses revealed that (i) 56.64% of the qualitative (fruit shape, color and fruit surface) variation and (ii) 89.42% of the quantitative (plant width, height and fruit maturity days) variation were explained by the first two components. Clustering revealed two groups and dendrogram revealed morphological variation among accessions. The phenotypic diversity exists in this core collections provide valuable information to improve agronomic traits in pepper breeding program. Key words : Agronomic traits, cluster, core collections, phenotypic diversity, principal component
Introduction Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is one of the important vegetable and spice crop in the world (Zewdie et al. 2004). It belongs to the family Solanaceae and includes 30 known species (Bosland and Votava 2000). The cultivated species of Capsicum include C. annuum L., C. baccatum L., C. chinense Jacq., C. frutescens L. and C. pubescens Ruiz and Pav. (Heiser and Pickersgill 1969). Smith and Heiser (1957) were first identified C. sinense Jacq. cultivated status. The presence of a calyx constriction is defining characteristics of this species which can be used to differentiate it from C. frutescens L. (Eshbaugh 1976). C. chinense Jacq. can be separated from C. annuum L. on the basis of the number of pedicles per node: one in C. annuum L. and three to five in C. chinense Jacq. C. chinense Jacq. is characterized as rugose leaves, dull white or waxy green corolla and wavy seed margins (Smith and Heiser On-Sook Hur () Email: [email protected] Tel: +82-63
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