Developmental quantitative genetic analysis of body weights and morphological traits in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus
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Developmental quantitative genetic analysis of body weights and morphological traits in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus WANG Xin’an1, MA Aijun1*, MA Deyou1 1
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences / Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture / Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China
Received 3 October 2013; accepted 15 May 2014 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 Abstract In order to elucidate the genetic mechanism of growth traits in turbot during ontogeny, developmental genetic analysis of the body weights, total lengths, standard lengths and body heights of turbots was conducted by mixed genetic models with additive-dominance effects, based on complete diallel crosses with four different strains of Scophthalmus maximus from Denmark, Norway, Britain, and France. Unconditional genetic analysis revealed that the unconditional additive effects for the four traits were more significant than unconditional dominance effects, meanwhile, the alternative expressions were also observed between the additive and dominant effects for body weights, total lengths and standard lengths. Conditional analysis showed that the developmental periods with active gene expression for body weights, total lengths, standard lengths and body heights were 15–18, 15 and 21–24, 15 and 24, and 21 and 27 months of age, respectively. The proportions of unconditional/conditional variances indicated that the narrow-sense heritabilities of body weights, total lengths and standard lengths were all increased systematically. The accumulative effects of genes controlling the four quantitative traits were mainly additive effects, suggesting that the selection is more efficient for the genetic improvement of turbots. The conditional genetic procedure is a useful tool to understand the expression of genes controlling developmental quantitative traits at a specific developmental period (t-1→t) during ontogeny. It is also important to determine the appropriate developmental period (t-1→t) for trait measurement in developmental quantitative genetic analysis in fish. Key words: Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), growth, developmental genetics, genetic effect Citation: Wang Xin’an, Ma Aijun, Ma Deyou. 2015. Developmental quantitative genetic analysis of body weights and morphological traits in the turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(2): 55–62, doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0618-7
1 Introduction According to the theory of developmental genetics, genes are expressed selectively at different growth stages in time-specific and/or space-specific manners. The temporal and spatial gene expression, which is affected by environmental factors, controls the growth and morphogenesis in animals and plants at different development stages (Atchley and Zhu, 1997). Obviously, the whole process of genetic control during development can not be revealed by the data collected from one single
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