Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify fatty acid composition in hepatic and abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify fatty acid composition in hepatic and abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose-induced obese rats Alfonso Alexander-Aguilera & Silvia Berruezo & Guillermo Hernández-Diaz & Ofelia Angulo & Rosamaria Oliart-Ros
Received: 17 November 2010 / Accepted: 8 June 2011 / Published online: 22 June 2011 # University of Navarra 2011
Abstract The fatty acid profile of hepatocytes and adipocytes is determined by the composition of the dietary lipids. It remains unclear which fatty acid components contribute to the development or reduction of insulin resistance. The present work examined the fatty acid composition of both tissues in sucroseinduced obese rats receiving fish oil to determine whether the effect of dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the reversion of metabolic syndrome in these rats is associated to changes in the fatty acid composition of hepatocyte and adipocyte membrane lipids. Animals with metabolic syndrome were divided into a corn–canola oil diet group and a fish oil diet group, and tissues fatty acids composition were analyzed after 6 weeks of dietary treatment. Fatty acid profiles of the total membrane lipids were modified by the fatty acid composition of the diets fed to rats. N-3 PUFAs levels in animals receiving the fish oil diet plus sucrose in drinking water were signifi-
A. Alexander-Aguilera Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cristóbal Colón, Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico S. Berruezo : G. Hernández-Diaz : O. Angulo : R. Oliart-Ros (*) Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, UNIDA, M.A. de Quevedo 2779, Col. Formando Hogar, Veracruz, Veracruz 91897, Mexico e-mail: [email protected]
cantly higher than in animals under corn–canola oil diets. It is concluded that in sucrose-induced obese rats, consumption of dietary fish oil had beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome and that such effects would be conditioned by the changes in the n-3 PUFAs composition in hepatic and adipose tissues because they alter membrane properties and modify the type of substrates available for the production of active lipid metabolites acting on insulin resistance and obesity. Keywords Metabolic syndrome . PUFAs . Insulin resistance . Fish oil
Introduction There is a great interest in elucidating how dietary fat composition influences the abnormalities associated with insulin resistance and its related metabolic disorders, known as the metabolic syndrome. Longchain (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids have attracted considerable attention in the past years. Fish oil, a rich source of n-3 fatty acids, plays an important role in reducing hypertriacylglycerolemia and has demonstrated to decrease mortality from coronary heart disease [38]; in addition, it alleviates obesity-induced insulin resistance and advanced hepatic steatosis in obese mice [16]. The relationship between the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids and their
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distribution in key organs and tissues involved with insulin resistance is of cons
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