Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Socioeconomic Associations in a Midwestern Cohort of Healthy Reproductive-Age W
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Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Socioeconomic Associations in a Midwestern Cohort of Healthy Reproductive‑Age Women Bronwyn S. Bedrick1 · Ashley M. Eskew1 · Jorge E. Chavarro2 · Emily S. Jungheim3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objective To characterize dietary patterns and physical activity in a diverse cohort of Midwestern reproductive-age women and to determine associations between these lifestyle factors, socioeconomic factors, and obesity. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 185 women completed validated food frequency and physical activity questionnaires. Dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis. Sociodemographic characteristics associated with dietary pattern adherence and physical activity participation were identified through linear regression. Associations between lifestyle factors and obesity were assessed through logistic regression. Results Two dietary patterns were identified: a “Prudent” pattern characterized by consumption of fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and nuts and a “Western” pattern including meat, refined carbohydrates, and high-calorie drinks. African-American women and women without a college degree were more likely to adhere to the Western dietary pattern than other women. Women in areas with higher socioeconomic deprivation had lower levels of physical activity, especially leisure-time exercise. Women who completed college participated in more leisure-time exercise and had less physically demanding occupations. Obesity was associated with increasing adherence to the Western dietary pattern in a dose-dependent fashion (aOR range 2.68–4.33, 95% CI range 0.69–16.61) but was not associated with adherence to the Prudent pattern (aOR range 0.46–1.06, 95% CI range 0.13–3.41). Increased physical activity was associated with reduced odds of obesity (aOR range 0.28–0.30, 95% CI range 0.10–0.93). Conclusions for Practice This study highlights dietary and physical activity patterns associated with obesity in reproductiveage women. Lifestyle interventions focused on minimizing consumption of the Western diet and increasing physical activity may provide an opportunity to reduce obesity among reproductive-age women. Keywords Obesity · Dietary pattern · Physical activity · Women of childbearing age · Public health
Significance Little is known regarding dietary and exercise patterns of non-pregnant reproductive-age women despite the fact that these lifestyle behaviors impact a woman’s health and the * Emily S. Jungheim [email protected] 1
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
2
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
3
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School ofMedicine, Chicago, USA
health of her future children. In a cohort of healthy rep
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