Differences within Churra breed sheep in the early immune response to the infection by Teladorsagia circumcincta
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HELMINTHOLOGY - SHORT COMMUNICATION
Differences within Churra breed sheep in the early immune response to the infection by Teladorsagia circumcincta Verónica Castilla-Gómez de Agüero 1,2 & Jorge F. González 3 & Julia N. Hernández 3 & Elora Valderas-García 1,4 & Francisco A. Rojo Vázquez 1,2 & Juan José Arranz 5 & Beatriz Gutiérrez-Gil 5 & María Martínez-Valladares 1,2 Received: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study describes early immunological mechanisms that underlie resistance to Teladorsagia circumcincta infection in adult Churra sheep. After a first experimental infection, 6 animals were classified as resistant (RG) and 6 as susceptible (SG) to T. circumcincta infection based on their cumulative faecal egg count (cFEC) at the end of the infection. RG showed higher IgA levels against somatic antigen of T. circumcincta fourth-larvae stage (L4) in serum at day 3 post-infection (pi) (p < 0.05) and close to significance at day 21 pi (p = 0.06). Moreover, a strong negative correlation between cFEC and specific IgA was only significant in RG at day 3 pi (r = − 0.870; p < 0.05), but absent in SG. At the end of this infection, sheep were treated with moxidectin and infected again 3 weeks later to be slaughtered at day 7 pi. At necropsy, the specific IgA levels in gastric mucosa were similar between groups; the absence differences at day 7 pi could be due to a previous increase in the IgA response, probably around day 3 pi, as described during the first infection. L4 burden, 68% lower in RG than in SG, was influenced by the specific IgA in gastric mucus and the number of γδ T cells. RG group showed a positive correlation between γδ T cells and eosinophils (r = 0.900; p = 0.037); however, this correlation was not found in SG. These results show that these two phenotypes show different early immune response pattern to T. circumcincta infection in Churra sheep. Keywords IgA . γδ T cells . Resistance . Sheep . Teladorsagia circumcincta
Introduction The infection by the gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) Teladorsagia circumcincta is one of the most common diseases in grazing small ruminants, causing several economic losses related with less weight gain and lower milk production Section Editor: Abdul Jabbar * María Martínez-Valladares [email protected] 1
Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, Centro mixto CSIC-Universidad de León, Grulleros, Leon, Spain
2
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, Leon, Spain
3
Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
4
Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de León, Leon, Spain
5
Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de León, Leon, Spain
(Hamel et al. 2017). GIN infections are conventionally controlled by the administration of anthelmintics; however, the intensive use of these drugs has favoured the development of anthelmintic resistance (Martínez-Valladares et al. 2015; Traversa and von Samson-Himmelstjerna 2016
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