Differential regulation of the durum wheat Pathogenesis-related protein (PR1) by Calmodulin TdCaM1.3 protein
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Differential regulation of the durum wheat Pathogenesis‑related protein (PR1) by Calmodulin TdCaM1.3 protein Mouna Ghorbel1,2 · Ikram Zribi1 · Khawla Missaoui1 · Marwa Drira‑Fakhfekh1 · Basma Azzouzi1 · Faiçal Brini1 Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 December 2020 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In plants, pathogenesis-related 1 protein (PR1) is considered as important defense protein. The production and accumulation of PR proteins in plants are one of the important responses to several biotic and abiotic stresses. In this regard, PR1 gene was isolated from Triticum turgidum ssp durum and was named as TdPR1.2. The amino acid sequence of TdPR1.2 protein showed 100%, 97.13%, and 44.41% with known PR1 proteins isolated from Triticum aestivum TdPR1-18, PRB1.2 of Aegilops tauschii subsp. tauschii and Arabidopsis thaliana respectively. qRT-PCR showed that TdPR1.2 was induced specially in leaves of durum wheat treated with Salicylic acid for 48 h. Besides, bioinformatic analysis showed that the durum wheat TdPR1.2 harbors a calmodulin binding domain located in it’s C-terminal part and that this domain is conserved among different PR1 proteins isolated so far. However, no information is available about the regulation of PR genes by calmodulin and Ca2+ complex (CaM/Ca2+). Here, we showed that TdPR1.2 gene exhibits an antibacterial effect as revealed by the in vitro tests against 8 different bacteria and against the fungi Septoria tritici. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that PR1 proteins are able to bind to CaM in a C a2+-dependent manner via a GST-Pull down assay. Finally, in presence of M n2+ cations, CaM/Ca2+ complex stimulated the antimicrobial effect of TdPR1.2. Such effects were not reported so far, and raise a possible role for CaM/Ca2+ complex in the regulation of plant PRs during cellular response to external signals. Keywords Biotic stress · Calmodulin · Ca2+ · Durum wheat · PR genes · SCP-like domain Abbreviations CaM Calmodulin CaMBD Calmodulin Binding Domain TdPR1.2 Triticum turgidum Pathogen Related 1.2 Ca2+ Calcium
Supplementary Information The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06053-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Faiçal Brini [email protected] 1
Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, B.P ‘’1177’’, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
Biology Departement, Faculty of Science, University of Ha’il, B.O. box, Ha’il city 2440, Saudi Arabia
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Introduction After infection by a phytopathogen, plants activate a group of diverse proteins and defense-related signaling molecules and phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) which leads to the accumulation of a group of small proteins called Pathogen-related proteins (PR proteins). Those proteins minimize pathogen multiplication in uninfected plant organs. Thus, production of PR pro
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