Direct dermal and inhalation exposure of bystanders and residents during vine foliar application using sprayer equipment
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Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety Journal fu¨r Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Direct dermal and inhalation exposure of bystanders and residents during vine foliar application using sprayer equipment fitted with an anti‑drift device: a comparison between measured exposure levels and existing exposure models Thierry Mercier1 Received: 21 October 2019 / Revised: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 3 February 2020 © Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (BVL) 2020
Abstract Within the European Union (EU) regulatory framework, plant protection products (PPPs) must be evaluated according to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. Bystander/resident exposures can be assessed using the current EU harmonised predictive EFSA model; however, the number of experimental data included in this model is rather limited. In the experimental study conducted, direct dermal and inhalation exposures of bystanders/residents caused by the spray drift during vine foliar application using sprayer equipment fitted with an anti-drift device were quantified. The exposure levels measured during the experimental exposure study were compared to those calculated using the BROWSE model, the former German model, and the EFSA model. The measured direct dermal exposure levels of bystanders/residents were found to be lower than the exposure levels calculated with the BROWSE model using the 95th percentiles [experimental study/BROWSE model (%): 3.9% and 2.1%, respectively for adults and children], and using the 75th percentiles (16% and 7.8%, respectively for adults and children), the German model using the 95th percentiles [experimental study/German model (%): 4.0% and 12%, respectively for adults and children], and much lower than those calculated with the EFSA model using the 95th percentiles [experimental study/EFSA model (%): 0.27% and 0.40% for adults and children, respectively] and using the 75th percentiles (0.51% and 0.62%, respectively for adults and children). Exposure levels via the inhalation route represented less than 1.7% of dermal exposures. The results of this experimental exposure study could be used to refine the bystander/resident exposure estimates provided by the EFSA model. Keywords Bystander · Resident · Exposure · Pesticide · Foliar spraying · Anti-drift · Vineyard · Passive dosimetry
1 Introduction
Disclaimer The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of ANSES. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00003-020-01274-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Thierry Mercier [email protected] 1
Regulated Products Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Maisons‑Alfort, France
Within the EU regulatory framework, PPPs must be evaluated according to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 prior to being authorised. No authorisation may be granted if the extent of
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