Editorial
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Editorial Gianpaolo Evangelista Department of Physical Sciences, University “Federico II” of Naples, I-80126 Napoli, Italy Email: [email protected]
Mark Kahrs Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA Email: [email protected]
Emmanuel Bacry ´ Centre de Math´ematiques Appliqu´ees, Ecole Polytechnique, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France Email: [email protected]
Interest in digital processing of audio signals has been reinvigorated by the introduction of multimedia communication via the Internet and digital audio broadcasting systems. These new applications demand high bandwidth and require innovative solutions to an old problem: how to achieve high quality at low bit rates. Often this problem is addressed by transmission schemes in which only part of the original audio data is transmitted. Other sources, voices or channels. The output must be reconstructed at the receiver from purely synthetic or incomplete data. Additionally, the global networked audio community must solve a new class of problems concerning protection of audio streams and documents. Accordingly, robust methods are sought for enforcing security, privacy, ownership, and authentication of audio data. Furthermore, the maintenance of audio archives—our cultural heritage—requires the development of efficient techniques for the restoration of corrupted audio documents. This special issue provides a sample of the new directions of digital audio research. In audio synthesis, real-time computation of physical models of acoustic instruments is now possible due to the steady progress of Moore’s law. In the paper by B. Bank et al., a review of piano synthesis is given. The synthesis is described in terms of structured audio and the structured audio orchestral language (SAOL) which is included in MPEG-4. Through the use of filtering and interpolation, P. A. A. Esquef et al. describe the use of the frequency-zooming analysis method to derive an ARMA model for synthesizing stringed instruments. Model-based computation of string sounds can be used to create more expressive synthesis of string sounds by offering a wide space of controllable parameters. Multichannel audio promises to bring more realistic
reproduction to the listener. In the paper by A. Mouchtaris et al., a small number of microphone signals are resynthesized into a larger number of “virtual microphones,” thereby reducing the transmission bandwidth while enhancing the final rendering. In the paper by D. Yang et al., a high-performance scheme based on the MPEG advanced audio coding system that allows for the efficient transmission of multiple audio channels at scalable bit rates is proposed. Watermarking and data-hiding techniques try to prevent unauthorized use of audio resources and additionally make it possible to include additional metadata in the audio stream. In their paper, M. F. Mansour and A. H. Tewfik introduce a new method for robust scale and shift invariant data-hiding based on wavelet transforms. The paper by M. Steinebach
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