Editorial
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Editorial Joe C. Chen Communications Systems Center, Northrop Grumman Space Technology, CA 90278, USA Email: [email protected]
Amin G. Jaffer Space and Airborne Systems, Raytheon Company, CA 90245, USA Email: ajaff[email protected]
The sensor array technology has proven itself to be one of the most active research subjects in the past few decades. The initial concept, which originated from aerospace applications, now finds itself evolving in many other dimensions to a vast variety of applications. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in developing sensor networks for the military and security to monitor an area, including detecting, identifying, locating, and tracking the emission signals of interest. Similar ideas have been found in microphone and seismic arrays, where audio/seismic signals can be enhanced under noisy conditions and objects may be tracked with the directional capability the sensor array provides. The recent US FCC E911 requirement to locate the mobile phone users upon emergency has also brought a new wave of interests in the subject within the communications community. The research in smart antennas to combat multipath fading, provide interference suppression, and enhance capacity for communication systems has also been a very popular subject. In the aerospace community, recent focus has been on space-time adaptive processing (STAP) techniques to provide state-of-the-art moving target detection in the presence of jamming and clutter and high-resolution radar imaging. Over the years, the classical array signal processing methods have been modified toward different types of sensors with different classes of algorithms adapting to different signals and media of propagation. Many seek to provide robust performance in practical environments or exploit new properties of a specific problem, and others seek to provide efficient solutions with minimum implementation costs. In the current issue, we collect a sample of the recent active research work in the area of sensor array. The current issue features 10 high-quality papers on the advances of sensor array technology. Since the research in sensor array technology covers a wide range of topics, we have organized the chosen papers in the areas of signal detection and number
of sources determination, time delay estimation, direction of arrival and source localization, and STAP techniques. Signal detection and number of sources determination Signal detection is an essential part of a sensor array system. The detector is responsible for initiating the estimator once a desired signal is detected as present. The signal detector needs to be accurate and fast at the same time to be effective. In many applications of sensor array, there may be multiple desired signals of interest. Then, the detection problem becomes a determination of the number of sources present. A correct determination of the number of sources is as important as determining the whereabouts of the sources; therefore, this topic has been well studied in the literature in the theoretical settings. Rec
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