Effect of added mass distribution on the dynamic PI and frequency shifting in MEMS and NEMS biosensors
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TECHNICAL PAPER
Effect of added mass distribution on the dynamic PI and frequency shifting in MEMS and NEMS biosensors Mohammad Mousavi1,2 • Mahdi Moghimi Zand1
•
Shahin Siahpour1,3
Received: 10 May 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 Ó Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Resonance nano biosensors are electrostatically actuated sensors that recognize an analyte which is defined as the objective substance. These sensors take advantage of the vibrational characteristics such as the effect of analyte inertia on the natural frequency. In most of the previous studies, the analyte is modeled as a point-mass. This study focuses on more realistic distributions on the surface of micro/nano transducers. Gaussian function (normal distribution), as well as a uniform mass distribution, are inspected and compared with the point-mass model. A non-dimensionalized (ND) form of Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is employed whilst an electrostatic field acts on the biosensor. Two FEM algorithms and a dynamic solution are presented for the added mass to cantilevered nano-wire biosensors. Also, the effect of mass quantity and the length of distribution for Gaussian and uniform mass distributions are examined and compared with the point-mass model. Results signify the importance of analyte distribution shapes due to the resonance frequency shift.
1 Introduction Biosensors are novel and wide fields in many scientific, medical, and engineering areas like mechanical engineering, electronics, chemistry area, etc. Biosensors are some devices for the detection or measurement of target substances such as biomolecules. Medical health care like cancer cells and blood glucose levels or harmful materials are among some applications of biosensors. Efforts to reduce sample size and miniaturization have led to the creation of a new branch of biosensor technology at the micro and nanoscales. Micro/Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems (N/MEMS) is a biosensor manufacturing area that & Mahdi Moghimi Zand [email protected] Mohammad Mousavi [email protected] Shahin Siahpour [email protected] 1
Small Medical Devices, BioMEMS & LoC Lab, School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA
3
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
tries to minimize the sensor equipment size for the following reasons. Such devices should be cheap, portable, and small-scale to be operational in any condition and userfriendly for medical care (Fritz 2008). Biosensors consist of two main parts. The first part is some biomolecules that stick to the analytes. Analytes are objective substances that need to be detected or measured. Such biomolecules are recognition probes and the recognition substance is specified regarding the analyte type. A transducer is the second part that transforms the analyte vibration informat
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