Effect of Batch Feeding Times on Greenhouse Gas and NH 3 Emissions During Meat and Bone Meal Bioconversion by Black Sold
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of Batch Feeding Times on Greenhouse Gas and NH3 Emissions During Meat and Bone Meal Bioconversion by Black Soldier Fly Larvae Xuyao Zhang1 · Zongtian Li5 · Elhosseny E. Nowar1,3 · Jiangshan Chen1 · Wancheng Pang1 · Dejia Hou1 · Ronggui Hu4 · Hong Jiang1 · Jibin Zhang2 · Qing Li1 Received: 15 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Meat and bone meal (MBM) is considered an organic waste with abundant nutrient elements. There is an urgent demand for new technologies to recycle MBM. MBM treatment with black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) is of greater potential to obtain more available C and N than traditional methods. This study evaluated the effect of batch feeding times on MBM bioconversion by BSFL, and investigated the emission of greenhouse gases and N H3, the final distribution of C and N during this treatment. Our results showed that the lowest greenhouse gases and N H3 emission was observed in 1-time batch feeding treatment. The total greenhouse gases were increased with the increasing batch feeding times, the highest emission (484.13 g CO2-eq/kg DM) was obtained in the 5-time batch feeding treatment. The 5-time batch feeding treatment also achieved the highest substrate conversion efficiency (31.17%). Overall, using MBM as substrate for BSFL batch feeding is considered a very promising alternative. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Batch feeding · Meat and bone meal · Black soldier fly larvae · Greenhouse gas and NH3 · Efficiency Xuyao Zhang and Zongtian Li have contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors. Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Statement of Novelty Meat and bone meal is a common biowaste. In traditional treatment methods, considerable amount of valuable C and N which are locked in the meat and bone meal are unavoidably lost from the circle. In this study, the effect of batch feeding treatment with meat and bone meal (MBM) as substrate for black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) was investigated. The results showed that changing batch feeding times can reduce greenhouse gas emission and improve carbon and nitrogen recycle from biowaste to larval biomass. Our results provide reference for using meat and bone meal as substrate for BSFL batch feeding and lay a certain technical foundation for the large scale of black soldier fly larvae bioconversion of meat and bone meal.
Introduction There will be more than 9 billion population in the world by 2050 at the current growth rate [1]. With the increasing population, the global meat production will be doubled from the 229 million tons in 1999/2001 to 465 million tons in 2050 [2].The intensive meat production will result in increasing slaughter wastes. Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a kind of animal waste from meat processing industry, and MBM is classified as high risk material [3]. MBM is composed of inedible livestock bodies, bones, internal organs, and other wastes, which is subjected to high temperature and hi
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