Effect of humic acids on lead poisoning in bones and on a subcellular level in mitochondria
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of humic acids on lead poisoning in bones and on a subcellular level in mitochondria Janka Vašková 1 Marek Stupák 1
&
Ladislav Vaško 1 & Pavol Mudroň 2 & Martin Haus 1 & Daniel Žatko 1 & Klára Krempaská 1 &
Received: 28 February 2020 / Accepted: 8 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Humic acids (HA) are natural substances which exhibit a remarkable spectrum of health benefits, such as their role in chelation. This study aims to supplement the current knowledge on the chelating effects of HA in chronic lead intoxication in rat femurs and in liver, heart and kidney mitochondria in an experiment lasting 10 weeks. Lead acetate trihydrate was administered to rats for 5 weeks at a daily dose of 155.5 mg/kg body weight. At the same time, rats were given three concentrations of HA, with their effect measured over the following 5 weeks. Increased Pb concentrations were detected in the femur after the first week, while HA-administered groups showed a tendency towards inhibiting the increase in Pb deposition. After 5 weeks, Pb concentrations dropped significantly in the HA groups. At the same time, however, other elements were redistributed, with a decrease in Se and Zn being particularly noteworthy. While an increase in Pb concentrations was found after 5 weeks of Pb administration, a concentration of 1% HA resulted in the least significant increase in Pb as well as an increase/decrease in Se/Cu, respectively. In mitochondria, an increase in Pb content was detected after the first and fifth weeks with concomitant redistribution of other elements. At the end of the experiment, again in the 1% HA group, Pb concentrations remained higher only in the liver with the other elements sufficiently normalized, indicating this concentration to be useful in the treatment of Pb intoxication. Keywords Bone . Humic acids . Lead . Lead intoxication . Mitochondria
Introduction Lead (Pb) is the most common pollutant among heavy metals. It is associated with environmental pollution and in connection with industrial, agricultural and household waste production causing increases in its concentrations in soil and water. The subsequent growing of crops and the consumption of animal feed from heavily contaminated areas then introduces Pb back into the food chain. Thus, society is currently exposed to lead and lead
Responsible Editor: Lotfi Aleya * Janka Vašková [email protected] 1
Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
2
Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
derivatives primarily through ingesting contaminated drinking water and food and by inhaling contaminated air (Asaduzzaman et al. 2017). After absorption, only 2% of lead remains in the blood, with a relatively short half-life (30–40 days). The remainder passes through soft tissues and approximately 95% accumulate
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