Effect of Modified Titanium Dioxide on Rheological Behavior of Dental Porcelain Slurries for Rapid Prototyping Applicati
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Effect of Modified Titanium Dioxide on Rheological Behavior of Dental Porcelain Slurries for Rapid Prototyping Applications Dongbin Zhu1, Anping Xu1, Yunxia Qu1 and Jinsheng Liang2 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China 2 Institute of Power Source & Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
ABSTRACT This study investigates bactericidal activities of dental porcelain contained silver/cerium/titania against streptococcus mutans in different irradiations, then the effect of modified titanium dioxide on rheological behavior of dental porcelain slurries is studied for rapid prototyping applications. The results show that the silver/cerium/titania has much higher antibacterial efficiency than that of pure TiO2 either in the room light or under the dark. It is potential to apply this photocatalyst in the dental materials for preventing human teeth from caries because the oral cavity is mostly under dark, partly in the visible light. The modified titanium dioxide not only has a antibacterial effect, but also can improve the rheological behavior of dental porcelain slurries for rapid prototyping applications.
INTRODUCTION Since Honda and Fujishima discovered the photocatalytic splitting of water on TiO2 electrodes in 1972 [1-3], considerable effort has been devoted to developing highly active oxide semiconductor photocatalysts for their wide application in solar energy conversion and environmental protection. In recent years much attention has been paid to using TiO2 as the antibacterial materials [4, 5]. However, the performance of TiO2 requires further enhancement due to its narrow light response range as well as its low quantum efficiency [1-3, 6]. Consequently, numerous works focused on enhancing the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 by doping, metal deposition, surface sensitization, coupling of composite semiconductors, and other methods [2, 7]. In previous research, a silver/cerium/titania composite material was prepared and the modified titanium dioxide has higher antibactericidal efficiency than pure titania, which arisen from not only the antibactericidal effect of the silver but also the synergistic effects of silver and cerium in the band gap narrow and the response to visible light, even under dark, and the suppressed the electron and hole recombination, and resulted in the enhanced antibactericidal performance [7]. It is potential to apply this photocatalyst in the dental materials for preventing human teeth from caries because the oral cavity is mostly under dark, partly in the visible light. Solid freeform fabrication (SFF) is an automated manufacturing process that builds 3D complex-shaped structures layer-by-layer directly from CAD data without part-specific tooling and human intervention [8]. The development in SFF has offered opportunities to fabricate complex-geometry components and systems with highly integrated and self contained multi-functions that could not be easily fabricated using conventional a
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