Effect of Radiofrequency Plasma Assisted Grafting of Polypropylene on the Properties of Muga Silk Yarn
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Effect of Radiofrequency Plasma Assisted Grafting of Polypropylene on the Properties of Muga Silk Yarn D. Gogoi • J. Chutia • A. J. Choudhury • A. R. Pal • N. N. Dass D. S. Patil
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Received: 24 June 2012 / Accepted: 21 August 2012 / Published online: 2 September 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Abstract Radiofrequency (RF) Ar/propylene glow discharge is utilized for grafting polypropylene onto muga silk yarn at working pressure of 1.2 9 10-1 mbar and in the of RF power range of 20–80 W. The plasma discharge is diagnosed using self-compensated emissive probe to study the variation of ion energy impinging on the substrates with RF power. From chemical compositional analysis, a possible grafting mechanism between propylene and muga yarn is proposed by considering the charge-transfer initiation through the formation of electron-donor–acceptor (EDA) complex. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that at RF power values of 60–80 W, the ion sputtering effect becomes dominant over plasma grafting thereby leading to severe destruction in chemical structure of the polypropylene grafted (PP-grafted) muga yarns. The experimental results show that PP-grafted muga yarns exhibit improved mechanical strength and hydrophobic behavior as compared to the virgin yarn. The properties of the PP-grafted muga yarns are observed to be dependent on atomic concentration, surface morphology as well as the results obtained from plasma discharge characteristics. Keywords Muga silk yarn Surface modification Radiofrequency plasma assisted grafting Polypropylene Plasma diagnostics
Introduction Plasma assisted grafting is considered as an excellent surface engineering tool to modify the surfaces of natural as well as synthetic polymers [1–5]. Considerable research interest has been devoted to exploit these plasma assisted graft polymers as potential materials for D. Gogoi J. Chutia (&) A. J. Choudhury A. R. Pal N. N. Dass Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India e-mail: [email protected] D. S. Patil Laser and Plasma Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Trombay 400085, Mumbai, India
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Plasma Chem Plasma Process (2012) 32:1293–1306
various industrial and biomedical applications [3–7]. Plasma assisted grafting is a nonhazardous and environmentally friendly process and has distinct advantages such as rapid generation of active sites and free radicals for initiating grafting, less consumption of energy and processing time, non-utilization of solvent, minimum wastage of chemicals and surface modification up to few nanometer depth with little damage to the bulk properties of the polymers [8–10]. Moreover plasma assisted grafting is a low temperature process (\100 °C) that allows one to modify the surfaces of polymers which may not have thermal stability necessary to withstand processing at higher temperature [11]. Through proper choice of vapor precursors/gases and control over the external deposition c
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