Effect of Silane-Coupling Modification on the Performance of chitosan-poly vinyl Alcohol-Hybrid Scaffolds in Bone Tissue
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of Silane-Coupling Modification on the Performance of chitosan-poly vinyl Alcohol-Hybrid Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering Farnaz Ghorbani 1 & Masoud Pourhaghgouy 2 & Tahere Mohammadi-hafshehjani 3 & Ali Zamanian 2 Received: 27 April 2019 / Accepted: 28 January 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Biocompatibility and biodegradability characteristics of some polymers make them an excellent candidate to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. However, the scaffold mechanical properties and biodegradation rate are vital for bone tissue replacement applications, which can be improved using proper fabrication techniques and cross-linker. In this investigation, Chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying technique utilizing various weight ratios of 3-Glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a bioactive inorganic crosslinker. SEM micrographs indicated interconnected porous structures of cross-linked scaffolds while the average diameter of pores increased as a function of cross-linker enhancement. FTIR analysis was performed to confirm interactions among organic and inorganic components. The mechanical strength test represented that increasing GPTMS content improves the compressive strength of samples. The absorption capacity of the scaffolds in the PBS solution exhibited a decrease in water uptake and biodegradation by increasing silane coupling agent concentration. The formation of needle-like apatite particles proved suitable bioactivity of cross-linked samples. Moreover, MTT assay and ALP expression showed an acceptable adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and differentiation of MG-63 cells on the silane-contained scaffolds. Obtained results warrant further preclinical and clinical evaluations. Keywords Tissue engineering . Scaffolds . Cytocompatibility . GPTMS . Chitosan . PVA
1 Introduction In tissue engineering, scaffolds have been applied to obtain a temporary artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) with the purpose of supporting cell attachment and guiding threedimensional (3D) tissue formation. Developing new scaffolds by polymer blends has drawn a lot of attention in recent decades [1, 2]. Polymeric blends create better
* Farnaz Ghorbani [email protected] * Ali Zamanian [email protected] 1
Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
2
Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran
3
Functional Interface Department, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
properties to regenerate the desired tissue structures in comparison with single ones [3, 4]. A wide variety of polymeric blends have been investigated for the engineering of soft tissues such as Poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) (PLGA) and gelatin [5], corn starch and polystyrene [6], poly(lactic acid) and poly(vinyl acetate) [7], poly (vinylidene fluoride) and ultrahigh-molecular-wei
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