Effects of fungicide chemical class, fungicide application timing, and environment on Fusarium head blight in winter whe
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Effects of fungicide chemical class, fungicide application timing, and environment on Fusarium head blight in winter wheat Carlos Bolanos-Carriel & Stephen N. Wegulo & P. Stephen Baenziger & Deanna Funnell-Harris & Heather E. Hallen-Adams & Kent M. Eskridge
Accepted: 25 August 2020 # Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging 2020
Abstract Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum, can result in devastating economic losses in small grain cereal crops. Management of FHB is by a combination of strategies and tactics including cultivar resistance, fungicide application at anthesis, and cultural practices such as crop rotation, tillage, and irrigation management. This study evaluated, under field conditions, the effects of fungicide chemical class (triazole versus strobilurin), fungicide application timing, and environment on FHB and its associated mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON). A moderately resistant hard red winter wheat cultivar, Overland, consistently had lower levels of FHB index (= index), Fusarium-damaged kernels
C. Bolanos-Carriel : S. N. Wegulo (*) Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA e-mail: [email protected] P. S. Baenziger Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA D. Funnell-Harris Wheat, Sorghum and Forage Research Unit (WSFRU), United States Department of Agriculture- Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Lincoln, NE, USA
(FDK), and DON, and higher yield compared to the susceptible hard red winter wheat cultivar Overley. The most effective fungicide treatment in reducing FHB, FDK, DON, and yield loss was Prosaro® (prothioconazole + tebuconazole) applied at early anthesis (BBCH 61; hereafter referred to as anthesis). Application of Prosaro 6 days post anthesis (DPA) achieved a slightly lower but comparable efficacy to that achieved by the anthesis application. Application of Prosaro at 12 DPA was least effective. The strobilurin fungicide Headline® (pyraclostrobin) was less effective than Prosaro in controlling FHB, FDK, and DON. In both cultivars, index, FDK, and DON were higher and yield was lower under irrigated compared to rain-fed conditions. These differences were more pronounced in a wet compared to a relatively dry growing season. The results from this study indicate that effective management of FHB can be achieved by combining cultivar resistance with a triazole fungicide applied at anthesis, and the window of fungicide application can be extended by up to 6 days post anthesis. Keywords Fusarium graminearum . Triazole . Strobilurin . Index . Deoxynivalenol (DON) . Fusariumdamaged kernels (FDK) . Thousand kernel weight (TKW) . Yield
H. Hallen-Adams Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
Introduction
K. M. Eskridge Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
Fusarium head blight (FHB) or scab is a devastating disease of wheat and other small grain cereal c
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