Efficacy of modern combination fungicide molecules against sheath blight of rice
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Efficacy of modern combination fungicide molecules against sheath blight of rice Bijendra Kumar1 Received: 4 November 2019 / Revised: 20 August 2020 / Accepted: 21 August 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract Sheath blight of rice is one of the most damaging diseases of rice worldwide causing serious yield losses. Several fungicide molecules with different mode of actions are available in the market. The present study was undertaken to find the best and most economical combination of fungicides in managing this disease. Hence, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and economics of flusilazole 12.5% + carbendazim 25% SC, difenoconazole 11.4% + azoxystrobin 18.2% SC, tebuconazole 18.3% + azoxystrobin 11% SC, tricyclazole 18% + mancozeb 62% WP, zineb 68% + hexaconazole 4% WP, trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG, mancozeb 50% + carbendazim 25% WS and epoxiconazole 62.5 g/l + fluxapyroxad 62.5 g/l EC against sheath blight of rice under the field conditions. Results of the present study revealed that, out of the different fungicidal combinations, two foliar sprays of difenoconazole 11.4% + azoxystrobin 18.2% SC @ 1 ml/lit was found to be most economic that provided best incremental net benefit ratio of 6.17:1.00. It was followed by two foliar sprays of epoxiconazole 62.5 g/l + fluxapyroxad 62.5 g/l EC @ 1.5 ml/l, tebuconazole 18.3% w/w + azoxystrobin 11% SC, zineb 68% + hexaconazole 4% WP and trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG. Keywords Sheath blight · Rhizoctonia solani · Fungicides · Rice
Introduction Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is one of the most destructive diseases of rice throughout the world causing substantial quantitative losses and quality degradation (Singh et al. 2013; Laha et al. 2017). Rhizoctonia solani infect wide range of plants of about 32 families belonging to 188 genera (Gangopadyay and Chakrabarti 1982). Under favorable climatic conditions the damage can reach upto 100% and depending upon the disease severity the loss in yield of rice may vary from 5.2–50% (Kannaiyan and Prasad 1978, 1984; Rajan 1987). Growing resistant variety is one of the best options to manage the disease. Unfortunately, till date no resistant variety is available to the farmers. Hence, integrating available disease management practices including use of varieties with fare degree of resistance, practices that minimize initial inoculum and fungicidal spray, is a * Bijendra Kumar [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
most effective and economic way to minimize the losses caused by this disease. The majority of the fungicides namely; carbendazim, mancozeb, carboxin, zineb, benomyl, thiophanate, chloroneb, edifenphos, captafol etc. have been reported to be effective against this disease under field conditions (Dash and Panda 1984; Kannaiyan and Prasad 1984; Singh and Sinha 2004
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