Effects of ionic liquid [N 4444 ] AOT on rice seedling growth cytomembrane damage and rhizobacteria resistance
- PDF / 2,733,092 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 49 Downloads / 169 Views
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effects of ionic liquid [N4444] AOT on rice seedling growth cytomembrane damage and rhizobacteria resistance Junkang Guo 1 Shenghui Yu 1
&
Geng Cao 1 & Qian Ren 1 & Huiyun Xu 1 & Xinhao Ren 1 & Honglei Jia 1 & Li Hua 1 & Ting Wei 1 &
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ionic liquids (ILs) are solvents composed of ions, containing a large asymmetric cation with an anion. With increasing and widespread applications, the toxic effects of ILs have been considerable in recent years. This study explained the effects of the new functional ionic liquids [N4444] bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfonyl succinate (AOT) on rice seedling and the growth of rhizobacteria. The rice seeds pretreated by [N4444] AOT revealed that it exhibited a significant negative impact on rice seedlings. The inhibition of rice growth increased with increasing concentration. When the concentration of [N4444] AOT increased to 0.25 and 0.5 mL L−1, the germination potential decreased by 40.0% and 86.3%, respectively, compared with the control. The germination potential and germination rate of rice were reduced, and the stress effect of ionic liquid on the root parts was higher than the aerial parts. The biomass of rice seedlings was decreased by 34.8 to 91.2%. Iodinic propane staining showed that by increasing concentration, the root cell cytomembrane damage level was increased and also changed the cell shapes, especially under 0.25 mg L−1 concentration stress. However, rhizobacteria of rice showed strong [N4444] AOT-resistant characteristics when the concentration was reached to 120 mg L−1. The ILs even more promoted the growth of Enterobacter sp. NP1142 and Pantoea sp. BR23. It was indicated that IL [N4444] AOT can be degraded easily by rhizobacteria to eliminate the eco-risk of ILs. Keywords [N4444] AOT . Ionic liquids . Rice . Rhizobacteria . Toxicity
Introduction Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new class of solvents called “green solvents” that replace the traditional volatile organic solvents (Habibul et al. 2020; Abhishek et al. 2020), owing to their unique properties such as high thermal stability, low volatility, non-flammability, and low vapor pressure (Hallett and Welton 2011). ILs have been applied in various processes such as catalysis, degradation, synthesis, biological, analytical application, and metal extraction (Tadesse and Luque 2011; Patel
Responsible editor: Gangrong Shi * Junkang Guo [email protected] * Shenghui Yu [email protected] 1
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, People’s Republic of China
and Lee 2012; Vekariya and Kumar 2017a, 2017b). Recently, the high production and use of ILs have inevitably led to release into the environment (Amde et al. 2015; Dhar et al. 2020; Vekariya 2016a). ILs are not easily degraded by biodegradation or sedimentation processes from the ecosystem due to their chemical and thermal stability (Stolte et al. 2012; Deng et al. 201
Data Loading...
