Validation of integrated management modules against sheath blight disease of rice
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Validation of integrated management modules against sheath blight disease of rice Bijendra Kumar1 Received: 24 June 2020 / Revised: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 11 September 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract Sheath blight is one of the most important diseases of rice worldwide causing serious yield losses. The study was conducted to determine the best and most eco-friendly combination of different IDM practices for the management of the disease under field conditions. Research findings over two crop seasons, suggests that IDM practices (treatment T3) which included seed treatment with carbendazim (2 g/kg) along with one foliar application of carbendazim (@1 g/m2) 7 days before uprooting the seedlings + application of DAP @ 108 g/10 m2 nursery area (to supply 20 kg nitrogen and 50 kg phosphorus per hectare) and MOP @ 85 g/10 m2 nursery area (to supply 50 kg potassium/ha) before sowing + application of 120N:60P:40K:25Zn (100% recommended dose). Additional 25% N was applied at booting to make the plants more prone to the diseases) + one blanket application of granular insecticide (cartap hydrochloride 4% G @ 18.75 kg/ha) at 15 DAT + two foliar sprays of propiconazole @ 0.1% first at booting stage and second after booting stage, if disease appears was proved most effective and consistent in reducing the severity (46.21%) and incidence (39.72%) of sheath blight disease. The treatment also increased the grain yield up to 10.83%. This shows that the IDM practices have significant effect on disease management and also in improving the yield. Keywords Sheath blight · IPM · IDM · Rhizoctonia solani · Oryza sativa Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is produced by more than 100 countries and most important staple food consumed by more than two billion population worldwide (Mondal et al. 2017). The total milled rice production worldwide during 2018–19 reached 495.9 million metric tons and India produced 116.42 million metric tons in that year (Shahbandeh 2020). Plant diseases are posing serious threat to rice cultivation. Rice diseases are estimated to cause 15.6% loss in yield (Mondal et al. 2017). Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is the second most important devastating disease of rice worldwide after blast (Kumar 2020) causing substantial quantitative losses and quality degradation (Laha et al. 2017). Rhizoctonia solani infect wide range plants of about 32 plant families belonging to 188 genera (Kumar 2020). According to Rajan (1987) under favorable climatic conditions the damage can reach up to 100% and depending upon * Bijendra Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
the disease severity the loss in yield of rice may vary from 5.2 to 50%. The sheath blight pathogen perpetuates from one season to another by forming resting structures called sclerotia and/or mycelium in crop debris and other host plants. Selection of variety with
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