Efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in prevention of dental implant failure: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled t
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in prevention of dental implant failure: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Anuj Jain 1,2
&
Anshul Rai 3 & Abhinav Singh 3 & Saumya Taneja 3,4
Received: 6 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background Dental implants are commonly used for replacement of missing teeth. Despite the published data highlighting the high success rate of dental implants, failures do occur. Some of these failures are believed to be a result of bacterial contamination at the site of implant insertion. Various antibiotic regimens have already been suggested to prevent failure due to infection. Objective This meta-analysis aims to examine the efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in prevention of dental implant failure secondary to infections. Methodology An exhaustive search was conducted on electronic database including PubMed Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane on July 15, 2019. All the randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing preoperative antibiotics with no antibiotics/placebo in dental implants were included in the study. The primary outcome for assessment was implant failure. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted for risk ratios of dichotomous data. Results A total 8544 abstracts were screened following which 16 full text articles were reviewed and 5 RCTs were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis results indicated that the preoperative antibiotics resulted in statistically significantly lower number of implant failures. Conclusion Preoperative antibiotics effectively reduce the implant failure rate. However, it is recommended to conduct largescale RCT to determine the efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in dental implants. Keywords Dental implants . Preoperative antibiotics . Implant failure . Prophylactic antibiotics
Introduction Dental implants are accepted worldwide for rehabilitation of missing teeth as they are reported to have a high success rate. However, it is the fact that implant failures do occur due to numerous factors which may contribute in the failure [1]. One of the factors which is believed to be contributing in early dental implant failure is bacterial contamination at the site of insertion. As these infections are difficult to treat, almost all the implants * Anuj Jain
1
Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and Implantologist, Nagpur, India
2
Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
3
Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
4
Consultant Pediatric and Preventive Dentist, Delhi, India
have to be removed either at an early stage or a later stage [2]. Insufficient asepsis, traumatic and prolonged surgery, and contamination at the site of surgery are some of the factors which aid in development of infection around dental implants. Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery prevents infection at the surgical site. This is du
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