Efficiency of phosphorus accumulation by plankton, periphyton developed on submerged artificial substrata and metaphyton
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Efficiency of phosphorus accumulation by plankton, periphyton developed on submerged artificial substrata and metaphyton: in-situ observation in two shallow ponds* Marija PEĆIĆ1, **, Slađana POPOVIĆ2, Vesna MILUTINOVIĆ3, Gordana SUBAKOV SIMIĆ1, Ivana TRBOJEVIĆ1, Dragana PREDOJEVIĆ1 1 2
Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden ‘Jevremovac’, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Scientific Institution, National Institute, Center for Ecology and Technoeconomics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
3
Institute of Public Health of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
Received Mar. 7, 2020; accepted in principle Apr. 10, 2020; accepted for publication Jun. 12, 2020 © Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Phosphorus overenrichment of shallow ponds prevailing in wetlands leads to their eutrophication causing the collapse of those vulnerable habitats. The potential of phosphorus accumulation by periphyton developed on artificial substrata has been investigated in two shallow ponds (Baračka and Široki Rit) in northwest Serbia and compared to the same ability of plankton and metaphyton. The periphyton substrate carrier has been submerged from May to October. Both continuously (CS) and monthly developed (MS) periphyton were sampled. Autotrophic component of all investigated communities has been qualitatively assessed. Maximum accumulation of only 14.7 mg TP/m2 was recorded in three-month exposed periphyton CS. MS exposed from July to August reached maximal 12.7 mg TP/m2. Plankton community that was characterized by more diverse and abundantly developed algal component was more effective in phosphorus accumulation (0.7 mg/g dry weight) in comparison with dominantly inorganic and diatom-dominated periphyton in Baračka. Unstable conditions caused by recent revitalization (dredging organic matter and mud from pond basin—redigging) as well as rapid desiccation of Široki Rit disabled making an unambiguous conclusion about the efficiency of phosphorus accumulation among different communities, but suggested slight potential of phosphorus harvesting by metaphyton in this pond. Due to the shorter exposure time that brings the reduced risk of unpredictable changes in the ecosystem, as well as the considerable amount of accumulated phosphorus, large-scale application of one-month exposed periphyton developed on artificial substrates would be more advisable for phosphorus harvesting in nutrient affected shallow ponds. Keyword: periphyton; phosphorus accumulation; shallow ponds; (phyto)plankton; metaphyton; eutrophication
1 INTRODUCTION The last decades of the 20th century faced us with the eutrophication—extensive nutrient overenrichment of aquatic ecosystems. Regarded as the limiting nutrient in most freshwater ecosystems, phosphorus represents one of the key factors promoting this process (Carpenter et al., 1995). Consequently, eutrophication leads to the water im
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