Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin using silver carbon quantum dots and functionalized
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin using silver carbon quantum dots and functionalized polymer nanospheres Dongmiao Qin 1 & Xiaohua Jiang 1 & Guichun Mo 1 & Xiangfei Zheng 1 & Biyang Deng 1 Received: 25 February 2020 / Accepted: 12 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A composite, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), was prepared by using binary reductants of sodium citrate and hydrazine hydrate. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized by papaya peel combined with silver ions to form a CQDs-loaded silver nanoparticle (AgCQDs) nanocomposite. Polymer nanospheres (PNS) were generated via the infinite coordination polymer of ferrocene dicarboxylic acid and employed as carriers to load AgCQDs. The prepared AgCQDs@PNS– PEI has good biocompatibility and electrical conductivity and can be used as a matrix for the immobilization of a secondary antibody (Ab2). A sandwich-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor using AgCQDs@PNS–PEI nanocomposite as probe has been developed for the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The proposed immunosensor exhibits a linear range from 0.00100 to 500 mIU mL−1 and the detection limit is 0.33 μIU mL−1 (S/N = 3) under optimal conditions. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity, good reproducibility, and high stability. These features demonstrate that the proposed method has promising potential for clinical protein detection and displays a new strategy to fabricate an immunosensor. Keywords Electrochemiluminescence immunosensor . Human chorionic gonadotropin . Papaya peel . AgCQDs nanocomposite . Polymer nanosphere . Serum analysis
Introduction Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a 37-kDa glycoprotein hormone [1], is produced via trophoblast cells of the placenta during pregnancy and overexpressed via trophoblast tumors and various non-fibroblast tumors [2, 3]. In addition, HCG as a biomarker plays an autocrine role in human cancer biology, promoting tumor growth, invasion, and malignant tumors. Sensitive and precise determination of HCG in serum is crucial for predicting pregnancy and can be used as a tumor marker in monitoring trophoblastic diseases. Until now, a variety of methods have been designed to detect HCG, such as Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04450-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Biyang Deng [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
electrochemical immunoassay [1, 4], fluorescence method [5], surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy [6], chromatographic strip [7], chemiluminescence immunoassay [8], and photoluminescence [9]. Although some of these methods are sensitive, majority of the methods require expensive equipment, time-consuming processes,
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