Engineered 2D Materials for Efficient Biosensors
- PDF / 1,315,981 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 68 Downloads / 218 Views
Engineered 2D Materials for Efficient Biosensors Tharangattu Narayanan Narayanan1*, Pulickel Madhavapanicker Ajayan1, Sowmya Viswanathan2, Gurusaran Manickam4, and Venkatesan Renugopalakrishnan4,5 1 Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA. 2 Newton Wellesley Hospital/ Partners Healthcare System, Newton, MA 02462, USA. 3 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1762, USA. 4 Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Center for Life Sciences, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 5 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 360 Huntington Ave., Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115 USA. * Present address: TIFR-Centre for Interdisciplinary Science (TCIS), Tat Institute of Fundamental Research, 21 Brundavan Colony, Hyderabad – 500075, India. (* [email protected]) ABSTRACT The emergence of 2-dimensional (2D) materials could herald numerous advanced scientific methodologies for both fundamental and applied research. These ultrathin materials can be functionalized and, thus, have the potential to make new devices and sensors that are both highly efficient and sensitive. In addition to being mechanically robust, the 2D materials can be engineered to provide sensor architectures that further increase their inherent high surface area by creating 3D geometries using layer by layer assembly to make stacked devices that could potentially be transparent. The increased sensor surface area would deliver increased signal-tonoise and sensitivity. Here highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of bioanalytes using some of engineered 2D materials such as graphene nano-ribbons, fluorinated graphene, and molybdenum disulfide is presented. It is found that surface moieties, defects and surface charges in these ultra-thin layers result in enhanced electron transfer kinetics between the electrodes and biomolecules. This in turn results in an oxidation or reduction of biomolecules with a high peak current, indicating the possible uses of 2D materials for various point-of-care devices. A novel stable 3D electrode geometry has been found to have enhanced heterogeneous electron transfer properties compared to 2D electrodes and provides evidence that electrode geometry and surface area could significantly impact the performance of biosensors. INTRODUCTION Various forms of carbon based materials are commercially available for electrochemical processes [1-2]. But their electrochemical activities towards different electrochemical reactions are not on par with the electrochemical activities of some the recent graphitic carbon forms such as graphene. Graphene can be controllably doped with other heteroatoms to tune their physicochemical properties along with a large control over its electronic as well as electrochemical performance [3]. This in turn result in to the development of graphene based electronic as well as electrochemical devices. Increasing demand in the development of novel point-of-care (POC) devices is attracted the attenti
Data Loading...
