Enhanced reconstruction of rat calvarial defects achieved by plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds and induced pluripoten
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Enhanced reconstruction of rat calvarial defects achieved by plasma-treated electrospun scaffolds and induced pluripotent stem cells Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi & Peyman Dinarvand & Ehsan Seyedjafari & Lida Langroudi & Fatemeh Jamshidi Adegani & Masoud Soleimani Received: 10 April 2013 / Accepted: 26 June 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract Tissue engineering with a combination of stem cells and nanofibrous scaffolds has attracted interest with regard to bone regeneration applications. In the present study, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were cultured on polymeric nanofibrous polyethersulfone (PES) with and without plasma treatment. The capacity of PES and plasmatreated PES (Plasma-PES) scaffolds to support the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs was investigated by MTT assay and for common osteogenic markers such as A. Ardeshirylajimi and P. Dinarvand contributed equally to this work. This study was supported by a grant from Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran. A. Ardeshirylajimi : P. Dinarvand Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran A. Ardeshirylajimi e-mail: [email protected] P. Dinarvand e-mail: [email protected]
alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium mineral deposition and bone-related genes. Plasma-PES scaffolds with or without iPSCs were subsequently used to evaluate bone regeneration of critical-size defects in the rat by digital mammography, multislice spiral-computed tomography imaging and histological analysis. The results of in vitro analysis showed that plasma treatment significantly enhanced iPSC proliferation and osteogenesis. After 8 weeks of iPSC-loaded PlasmaPES implantation, no mortality or complication was observed in animals or at the site of surgery. Imaging analysis revealed more extensive bone reconstruction in rats receiving nanofibers compared with untreated control groups. Moreover, Plasma-PES seeded with iPSCs induced the highest regeneration of bone defects among all groups. These findings were confirmed by histological staining. Affective osseointegration was observed in implanted scaffolds. Thus, plasma-treated nanofibrous scaffolds are suitable tissue-engineered matrices for supporting the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of iPSCs and might also be appropriate for the reconstruction of bone defects.
E. Seyedjafari Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Calvarial defects . Polyethersulfone . Plasma treatment . Induced pluripotent stem cells . Osteogenesis . Rat (Sprague Dawley)
L. Langroudi : F. Jamshidi Adegani Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
Introduction
L. Langroudi e-mail: [email protected] F. Jamshidi Adegani e-mail: [email protected] M. Soleimani (*) Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran,
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