Enhancing the RO performance of cellulose acetate membrane using chitosan nanoparticles
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Enhancing the RO performance of cellulose acetate membrane using chitosan nanoparticles M. A. Abd El‑Ghaffar1 · Mahmoud M. Elawady1 · Abdelgawad M. Rabie2 · Ahmed E. Abdelhamid1 Received: 24 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 © The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020
Abstract Asymmetric reverse osmosis membranes of cellulose acetate (CA) in presence of chitosan nanoparticles as anti-biofouling material were prepared using the phase-inversion technique. The effect of some preparation parameters on the membrane properties, e.g. polymer composition, evaporation time and annealing temperature were studied. FTIR, TGA, SEM and Contact angle were carried out to characterize the produced membranes. The water flux and salt rejection of the membranes were assessed using 35 g/L Nacl in a dead end filtration system. The results revealed that the addition of chitosan nanoparticles increased the water flux from 6 L/m2.h for blank (CA-0) to about 18 L/m2.h for (CA-2) membrane containing 2% chitosan nanoparticles with increment of salt rejection from 89 to 94%. For membrane with proper salt rejection it should be annealed at 80 °C prior to filtration test. The static adhesion test indicated enhancement in fouling resistance of the membrane containing chitosan nanoparticles to bacterial attack. Keywords Reverse osmosis · Asymmetric membrane · Chitosan nanoparticles · Cellulose acetate · Antifouling membrane
Introduction Membrane separation procedure is one of the most promising technologies for overcome the global water disaster and many other applications. Membrane technology is an effective and economical means owing to its low energy consumption, easy set-up, less chemicals usage and don’t create any dangerous by-product [1]. The most widely used membrane in industry during the period ranging from 1964 to the mid of 1970s is the reverse osmosis membrane which mainly made from cellulose diacetate (CA), cellulose triacetate or blend of them with different ratios [2, 3]. CA membranes are High lights: (1) Cellulose acetate membranes were prepared via phase-inversion technique; (2) The membranes blended with chitosan nano-particles showed enhanced water flux and salt rejection properties; (3) The cellulose membranes modified with chitosan nano-particles exhibited remarkable antifouling properties to bacterial attack. * Ahmed E. Abdelhamid [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Center, Elbuhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
2
obtained from most available natural polymer (cellulose) by acetylation process. CA membranes are characterized with several advantages as moderately low cost, neutral surface, good resistance to free chlorine (at low level), highly hydrophilic surface and highly potential water flux [4]. However, there are some disadvantages of CA membranes, as narrow operating range of pH is (4.5–7.5), exposure to biological attack, compacted at high pressure and working at l
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