Enterocin Structural Gene Screening in Enterococci from Pannon White Breed Rabbits
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Enterocin Structural Gene Screening in Enterococci from Pannon White Breed Rabbits Andrea Lauková 1
&
Viola Strompfová 1 & Monika Pogány Simonová 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study was focused on screening the most frequently occurring enterocin (Ents) genes in faecal enterococci from the Pannon White breed of rabbits, in which this parameter never has been tested. Enterococci tested were Ent genes absent, except Enterococcus faecium EF9a, which possessed genes for four Ents. Strains produced a high amount of lactic acid (1.25 ± 0.055 mmol/L, on average) and sufficiently tolerate bile. Inhibition activity of crude bacteriocin substance—partially purified (Ent, CE EF9a)—was tested against altogether 53 indicator strains. The growth of 38 strains of different staphylococcal species was not inhibited. However, the growth of fifteen other Gram-positive indicators was inhibited with inhibition activity ranged from 100 to 12,800 AU/mL. Listeria monocytogenes LM 7562 was the most susceptible to CE EF9a treatment (12,800 AU/mL). Molecular mass of CE EF9a ranged between 3000 and 10,000 Da. After heat treatment at different temperatures and time, CE EF9a was active with the inhibition activity 12,800 AU/mL. After storage of CE EF9a at different conditions, it was active even after 2-month storage at room temperature (200 AU/mL against LM 7562 strain). Inhibition activity of CE EF9a after 2-month storage at 4 °C was 1600 AU/mL and the most stable was CE EF9a at − 20 °C; the activity 12,800 AU/mL was kept still after 2 months. It indicates a small, thermostable substance; however, in further detail, purification analysis is necessary. Keywords Enterococci . Enterocin substance . Gene . Pannon White rabbit
Introduction Enterococci occur in a remarkable array of environments because of their ability to grow and survive under harsh conditions [1]. In most individuals, including animals, enterococci can be found in amount 105 CFU/g [2]. They are lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and some of them can possess a probiotic character [3]. Moreover, several numbers of enterococcal strains have been reported to produce antimicrobial compounds—bacteriocins [4]. Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial proteins without post-transcription modification [5]. During last two decades, bacteriocins produced by various enterococcal species from many environments have been studied and isolated and indicated mostly as enterocins [5]. It leads in their specific classification [4]. They are divided into class I named lantibiotic enterocins; class II represented with small, nonlantibiotic peptides; class * Andrea Lauková [email protected] 1
Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
III—cyclic enterocins; and class IV involving large proteins. Moreover, class II can be subdivided into three subclasses: II.1—enterocins of the pediocin family; II.2—enterocins synthesized without a leader peptide; and
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