Establishment and characterization of a new gastric cancer cell line, XGC-1
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PRIMARY RESEARCH
Cancer Cell International Open Access
Establishment and characterization of a new gastric cancer cell line, XGC‑1 Jigui Peng1,2,3†, Hao Xu2,3,4† and Jianchun Cai1,2,3*
Abstract Background: To establish a primary human gastric cancer cell line. Methods: Fresh gastric cancer tissue samples were separated into a cell suspension, and DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum was used for primary culture and subculture. The morphology of the cells was observed under a light microscope, and the cell growth curve was plotted. A soft agar colony formation assay was used to detect the colony formation ability of the cell line. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect cytokeratin, vimentin and Ki-67, the chromosome G banding method was used to analyse the karyotype of the cells, and the tumourigenic ability of the cells was detected by subcutaneous inoculation of BALB/C nude mice. Results: We established a gastric cancer cell line from a 68-year-old male patient. This gastric cancer cell line was named XGC-1 and had a doubling time of approximately 48 h. The cell line displayed strong colony formation ability and tumourigenicity in BALB/C nude mice and had complicated chromosomal abnormalities. When nutrients were insufficient, the cells shed and floated in the medium, but adherent growth was observed in nutrient-rich conditions. Conclusions: The XGC-1 cell line will be useful for future studies of gastric cancer development, progression, metastasis and therapy. Keywords: Stomach neoplasm, XGC-1, Cell line, Primary culture Background Gastric cancer is a common disease that causes digestive tract tumours and seriously threatens human life and health. Although the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in recent decades due to improvements in living conditions, the development of good eating habits, and the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), the incidence of gastric cancer is still high worldwide. Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of tumours and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and its incidence in men is twice that in women [1, 2]. China has a high incidence of gastric cancer. According to the 2015 China *Correspondence: [email protected] † Jigui Peng and Hao Xu contributed equally to this work 1 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, Fujian, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Cancer Data Report, the estimated number of new cases of gastric cancer in China was 679,000, and the number of deaths was 498,000. The morbidity and mortality rates of gastric cancer are the second highest among malignant tumours. New cases of gastric cancer and deaths from gastric cancer in China account for 42.6% and 45.0% of the worldwide total, respectively [3]. At present, approximately 90% of gastric cancers found in China are at an advanced stage, and the prognosis of gastric cancer is closely related to the timing of diagnosis and treatment. Even if advanced gastric
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