Evaluating the Effect of Groundwater Table on Summer Maize Growth Using the AquaCrop Model
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Evaluating the Effect of Groundwater Table on Summer Maize Growth Using the AquaCrop Model Yong Zhao 1 & Fawen Li 2 & Yan Wang 2 & Rengui Jiang 3 Received: 3 December 2018 / Accepted: 13 August 2019 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Shallow groundwater has a great influence on crop growth. However, few studies have investigated the impact of different groundwater depth on crop growth. This paper mainly discusses the impact of the groundwater depth on summer maize growth and the groundwater contributions to summer maize evapotranspiration and yield via the AquaCrop crop growth model. Numerical simulation results showed that summer maize growth and soil water in the Shijin irrigation district were highly related to the groundwater depth. With the depletion of the groundwater, the crop coefficient, crop actual transpiration, crop yield and crop water-use efficiency tended to increase and then decrease. Considering the groundwater contribution, maize yield and water-use efficiency, the suitable groundwater table depth for summer maize growth in the Shijin irrigation district was 1.5 m, and the groundwater contribution was 58.8 % in this case. Thus, discussing the impact of groundwater on crop growth is highly pertinent, as it is important for arranging irrigation schedules. Keywords AquaCrop model . Summer maize . Groundwater table . Crop growth
1 Introduction Groundwater is very important for replenishing soil water within the aeration zone via capillary rise because of water absorption by crop roots. Studies have shown that groundwater is an important factor that affects both crop growth and soil moisture. Groundwater further affects the photosynthesis of the crop canopy by affecting crop roots, which ultimately affects crop yields, soil water dynamics and water-use efficiency (WUE) [1]. Different regions and crop species have d i ff er e n t r eq u i r e m e n t s fo r g r o u n dw a t e r, an d a * Fawen Li [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, People’s Republic of China
2
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
3
State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrologic Engineering in Northwest in the Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
reasonable groundwater table should consider not only crop growth but also ecological factors, e.g. secondary soil salinisation [2]. Therefore, discussing the impact of groundwater on crop growth is highly pertinent, as it is important for arranging irrigation schedules and for fully understanding field hydrological cycles. Many studies have addressed the influence of different groundwater tables on the growth of various crops in different regions [1, 3–6]. Shallow groundwater can be a significant source of water requirements for crops [7]. For example, Soppe and Ayars [4] stated that if the groun
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