Evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for diagnostic accuracy of c ryptococcosis
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Evaluation of lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for diagnostic accuracy of cryptococcosis Li-Min Xie1,2, Geng-Ling Lin1,2, Hao-Neng Dong1,2, Ying-Xia Liao1,2, Ye-Ling Liu1,2, Jian-Feng Qin3 and Xu-Guang Guo1,2,4,5*
Abstract Background: Cryptococcus is a conditional pathogenic fungus causing cryptococcosis, which is one of the most serious fungal diseases faced by humans. Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFA) is successfully applied to the rapid detection of cryptococcal antigens. Methods: Studies were retrieved systematically from the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library before July 2019. The quality of the studies was assessed by Review Manager 5.0 based on the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study guidelines. The extracted data from the included studies were analyzed by Meta-DiSc 1.4. Stata 12.0 software was used to detect the publication bias. Results: A total of 15 articles with 31 fourfold tables were adopted by inclusion and exclusion criteria. The merged sensitivity and specificity in serum were 0.98 and 0.98, respectively, and those in the cerebrospinal fluid were 0.99 and 0.99, respectively. Conclusions: Compared to the urine and other samples, LFA in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is favorable evidence for the diagnosis of cryptococcosis with high specificity and sensitivity. Keywords: Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay, Lateral flow assay, Cryptococcosis, Diagnostic
Background Cryptococcosis is mainly caused by Cryptococcus, an opportunistic pathogen. Cryptococcus genus is based on C. neoformans, C. deneoformans, C. gattii, and other nonpathogenic. Those strains of serotype A or var. grubii are considered to be C. neoformans and serotype D or var. Neoformans are considered to be C. deneoformans. The strains of C. gattii consist of five species: C. gattii, C. bacillisporus, C. deuterogattii, C. tetragattii and C. decagatti i [1]. C. gattii and C. neoformans are responsible for almost all cryptococcal infections in humans * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
[2]. Besides, people with low immunity have a high probability of being infected with Cryptococcus, for example, hunman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients and patients with long-term use of glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and antitumor drugs [3, 4]. All organs of humans can be infected with Cryptococcus. Without complement and anti-Cryptococcus growth factors in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is the main clinical manifestation of the cryptococcal infection in the central nervous system [5]. In 2014, the number of cryptococcal antigen-positive people worldwide was 278,000, and the global incidence o
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