Exemplifying rhizobacteria for growth stimulation and disease suppression in finger millet
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Exemplifying rhizobacteria for growth stimulation and disease suppression in finger millet Poonam Kumari1 · R. S. Netam1 · Prafull Kumar1 Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 © Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft 2020
Abstract Of 111 rhizobacteria isolated from finger millet, 30 isolates exhibiting antagonism against Pyricularia grisea (22.22–44.44%) and Rhizoctonia solani (22.22–38.89%) were selected for functional characterization and in vitro interaction with pathogens. Appraisal of rhizobacteria for antimetabolites revealed HCN production by 3, ammonia production by all (0.80–4.39 µmol/ ml) and H2S production by 5 isolates, while all produced siderophore (25.89–93.96%), 20 salicylic acid (3.12–54.46 µg/ml), 19 tested positive for glucanase, 17 for protease and 12 for amylase production. Culture filtrate of all the isolates inhibited growth of Rhizoctonia solani (23.33–81.11%) and Pyricularia grisea (19.35–53.22%). Role of thermostable metabolites in antagonism was observed with 21 isolates against Rhizoctonia solani (11.11–50.0%) and 24 against Pyricularia grisea (8.33–46.66%). Volatile antimetabolites of all the isolates retarded and inhibited growth of Pyricularia grisea (5.88–84.71%) and Rhizoctonia solani (5.5–83.33%), besides affecting mycelial quality and sclerotiation in Rhizoctonia solani. Metabolic extracts of 9 antagonists in ethyl acetate restricted the growth of Pyricularia grisea (8.88–20.80%) and of 10 inhibited Rhizoctonia solani (10.12–23.30%). Enlightening the involvement of bacterial growth regulators in plant growth stimulation, all isolates tested positive for IAA production (1.9–28.8 µg/ml in absence and 9.9–45.7 µg/ml in presence of tryptophan), 19 secreted ACC deaminase and 19 solubilized phosphate, while only 5 exhibited Zn-solubilization potential. Increase in plant height, root length, their fresh weight and chlorophyll content was recorded with seed priming under glasshouse condition. Keywords Antagonism · Lytic enzymes · Siderophore · Biocidal volatiles
Introduction The omnipresence of microorganisms makes them an imperative component of natural ecosystems. In agricultural system, which intends at intensifying crop production, crop-associated pathogens remain of utmost importance, while other important microorganisms in the agro-ecosystem remain neglected. The holistic focus on these diseasecausing microorganisms as a major malady to crop production has intensified the use of synthetic pesticides as a relatively reliable method of crop protection. Such drastic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-020-00352-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Poonam Kumari [email protected] 1
S G College of Agriculture and Research Station, Jagdalpur, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur, India
pest control measures have witnessed severe environmental impacts including deterioration in soil health, soil and water pollution and other he
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