Interactive Influence of Soil and Plant Genotypes on Mycorrhizal Dependency in Finger Millet
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Interactive Influence of Soil and Plant Genotypes on Mycorrhizal Dependency in Finger Millet Nagaraj Kandhasamy 1 & Koshila Ravi Ravichandran 1 & Muthukumar Thangavelu 1 Received: 21 November 2019 / Accepted: 25 February 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The present study aims to assess the impact of soil types (Alfisol and Vertisol) on mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient acquisition in ten genotypes of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.Gaertn.) (GPU 28, GPU 45, GPU 48, GPU 66, GPU 67, KMR 301, KMR 304, ML 365, MR 6, and SURATAI). Finger millet was raised both in the presence and absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in a complete randomized block design under greenhouse conditions. Soil characteristics, biomass, shoot and root nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content of plants were measured after 45 days of growth. The shoot and root biomass were significantly greater for finger millet plants raised in the presence of AM fungi than those grown in its absence in both the soil types. The shoot and root N contents were higher in SURATAI and GPU 66 genotypes in both soil types in the presence of AM fungi. However, the maximum shoot and root P concentrations in the presence of AM fungi were recorded in ML 365 and KMR 304 genotypes in Alfisol soil, whereas GPU 28 and GPU 48 had higher shoot and root P contents in Vertisol soil, in the presence of AM fungi. The finger millet genotype SURATAI was highly dependent on AM fungi (69.44% and 45.36%) in both the soil types. The results of the study indicated that interactions between soil type and the genotypes significantly influenced the mycorrhizal dependency of finger millet in spite of its elaborate root system. Keywords Soil types . Genotypes . Eleusine coracana . Arbuscular mycorrhizal . Phosphorus
1 Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are the most important root symbionts belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota (Schüβler et al. 2001) that play a significant role in crop production (Verbruggen and Kiers 2010; VanGeel et al. 2015). About 80% of the land plants form a symbiotic association with AM fungi, and the symbiosis benefits the host plant by providing essential nutrients in exchange for carbohydrates released by plants (Smith and Read 2008). Mycorrhizal fungi are well-known for their significant role in improving plant nutrition, especially through uptake of phosphorus (P) (Smith and Read 2008). The AM fungal hyphae colonize the cortical Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00212-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Nagaraj Kandhasamy [email protected] 1
Root and Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
cells of roots, forming a highly branched structure called arbuscules that function as a site for nutrient exchange (Berruti et al. 2016). The fungal hyphae colonizing the roots extend into the adjacent soil where they scavenge P a
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