Experimental study on the behavior of waste marble powder as partial replacement of sand in concrete
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Experimental study on the behavior of waste marble powder as partial replacement of sand in concrete Abdul Ghani1 · Zeeshan Ali1 · Fasih Ahmed Khan1 · Said Rehan Shah1 · Sajjad Wali Khan1,2 · Muhammad Rashid1 Received: 4 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The increase in the concrete demand due to the rapid industrialization and urbanization may lead to a shortage of natural resources. Therefore, the use of recycled material in the batching of concrete will be helpful to meet the demands of the time without compromising the quality of concrete production. One such waste material produced in Pakistan is waste marble powder (WMP) that is generated from the marble factories during cutting of the marble stones, which in turn have a damaging effect on the environment. This study is based on the utilization of WMP as a partial substitute of the sand in concrete production and its various effect on the mechanical properties of the concrete. Different types of tests (unit weight, workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and water penetration) were carried out at 0–80%, of sand replaced with WMP, at increments of 20%. In all mixes, the ratio of water to cement was kept constant and the effects of curing conditions were studied at 14, 28, and 70 days. It was observed that with the incorporation of WMP, the workability and unit weight of concrete decrease proportionally to replacement percentage, whereas mechanical properties of concrete increase up to a certain percentage and then decrease. The maximum improvement in compressive strength was achieved at a 40% replacement, with a slight improvement in the tensile strength at 20% replacement. The water penetration test revealed a decrease in permeability with the increase in WMP percentage. Based on the results, it was recommended to use WMP up to 40% in the concrete mix as a replacement of sand. Keywords Concrete · Marble waste · Compressive strength · Sand replacement · Environment
1 Introduction The estimated values for the world marble reserves are approximately 15 billion cubic meters, and marble industries are working in almost fifty countries globally [1]. In Pakistan, the estimated marble reserves are more than 300 billion tons [2, 3]. During the fiscal year 2016–2017, 4.9
million tons of marble were produced in Pakistan, of which more than 2.15 million tons were produced in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK), 1.92 million tons in Balochistan, and 0.82 million tons in FATA region [4]. The factories in Pakistan utilize water for the cutting of the marble stones, which in turn generate a lot of waste marble slurry, upon drying this slurry turns into waste marble
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03349-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zeeshan Ali, [email protected]; [email protected]; Abdul Ghani, [email protected]; 15jzciv0026@ uetpeshawa
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