Partial replacement of sand with marble waste and scoria for normal strength concrete production
- PDF / 1,684,574 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 44 Downloads / 233 Views
Partial replacement of sand with marble waste and scoria for normal strength concrete production Begashaw Worku Yifru1 · Bahiru Bewket Mitikie2 Received: 20 June 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Sand is used more than any other natural resources except water and air, However, it’s extracted at a rate far greater than it’s renewal. The availability of sand in the growing demand of the construction industry will be a challenge due to a wide range of variability, cost, and, quality problems. This study aims to investigate normal strength concrete by partially replacing sand with marble waste and scoria. Experimental investigations were conducted to study the chemical, physical, mechanical and fresh property of concrete containing marble waste and scoria. Marble: scoria ratios of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 was used and then the combined fraction of both marble waste and scoria in concrete was increased from 33 to 67 and 100%. Chemical analyses of the marble waste show that it is mainly composed of CaO and SiO2, whereas scoria is composed of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. Concrete containing marble waste and scoria as a sand replacement shows better compressive strength than the conventional concrete but the workability and compressive strength decrease with an increase in the content of marble waste and scoria. Cost analyses indicate that concrete containing marble waste and scoria can save up to 4.5% of the total cost of concrete with weight reduction up to 5% and the optimum replacement level is 22.5% marble waste and 44.5% scoria. Keywords Normal concrete · Sand · Crushed marble waste · Scoria · Cost analysis · Workability · Compressive strength
1 Introduction Global production of concrete is about 12 billion tons a year corresponding to almost 1 m3 per person per year making it one of the largest users of natural resources in the world [1]. It is predicted that concrete usage will increase to more than 7.5 billion m3 (about 18 billion tons) a year by 2025 [2]. Recently, the increasing consumption of concrete by the construction industry has led to the rapid depletion of natural sand and good quality of sand is not readily available in most areas of Ethiopia [3]. It must be transported a long distance or contractors use whatever sand is available, which might not meet the necessary standards.
Therefore, it is necessary to find a locally abundant supply of natural material or industrial wastes as a substitute. On the other hand, a significant amount of waste is generated with an increase in production, and this waste negatively affects the environment [4]. Hence, instead of producing aggregates and minerals from virgin sources, it is more than appropriate to use waste by-products from industries and locally abundant natural materials. Marble is one of the largest produced natural stones in the world and it accounts for 50% of the world’s natural stone production [5]. The production of marble waste is estimated at around 3 million tons annually. Marble production gene
Data Loading...
