Expression of SOCSs in human prostate cancer and their association in prognosis
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Expression of SOCSs in human prostate cancer and their association in prognosis Jian-guo Zhu • Qi-shan Dai • Zhao-dong Han • Hui-chan He • Ru-jun Mo • Guo Chen • Yan-fei Chen • Yong-ding Wu • Sheng-bang Yang • Fu-neng Jiang Wei-hong Chen • Zhao-lin Sun • Wei-de Zhong
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Received: 12 December 2012 / Accepted: 2 May 2013 / Published online: 11 May 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins have been identified as negative feedback regulators of cytokine-mediated signaling in various tissues, and demonstrated to play critical roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development of different cancers. The involvement of SOCSs in human prostate cancer (PCa) has not been fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the expression patterns and the clinical significance of SOCSs in PCa. The expression changes of SOCSs at mRNA and protein levels in human PCa tissues compared with adjacent benign prostate tissues were, respectively, detected by using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry
Jian-guo Zhu and Qi-shan Dai contributed equally to this study.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11010-013-1687-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. J. Zhu W. Chen Z. Sun Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou 550002, China J. Zhu Q. Dai W. Zhong Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China Q. Dai Z. Han H. He R. Mo G. Chen Y. Chen Y. Wu S. Yang F. Jiang W. Zhong (&) Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China e-mail: [email protected] W. Zhong Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
analyses. The associations of SOCSs expression with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome of PCa patients were further statistically analyzed. Among SOCSs, both QRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyses found that SOCS2 expression was upregulated (at mRNA level: change ratio = 1.98, P = 0.031; at protein level: 5.12 ± 0.60 vs. 2.68 ± 0.37, P = 0.016) and SOCS6 expression was downregulated (at mRNA level: change ratio = -1.65, P = 0.008; at protein level: 3.03 ± 0.32 vs. 4.0.72 ± 0.39, P = 0.004) in PCa tissues compared with those in noncancerous prostate tissues. In addition, the upregulation of SOCS2 in PCa tissues was correlated with the lower Gleason score (P \ 0.001), the absence of metastasis (P \ 0.001) and the negative PSA failure (P = 0.009); the downregulation of SOCS6 tended to be found in PCa tissues with the higher Gleason score (P = 0.016), the advanced pathological stage (P = 0.007), the positive metastasis (P = 0.020), and the positive PSA failure (P = 0.032). Furthermore, both univariate and m
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