First report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting Aster scaber in Korea
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First report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting Aster scaber in Korea Seoyeon Ko 1 & Na-Kyeong Kim 1 & Ji-Soo Park 2 & Jin-Sung Hong 2 & Rae-Dong Jeong 1 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Keywords Cucumber mosaic virus . Aster scaber . Korea
Aster scaber (family Asteraceae), a perennial herb that grows wild in the dry mountain regions of Korea, eastern Russia, China, and Japan, can potentially have many applications because of its anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In September 2019, virus-like symptoms, including mosaic, chlorosis and malformation of leaves, were observed on A. scaber plants at a farm located in Gwangju, Korea. To identify the causal agent, serological assays with commercially available double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA kits specific for cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, pepper mottle virus, pepper mild mottle virus, tomato mosaic virus, and watermelon mosaic virus (Agdia, Elkhart, IN, USA) were conducted with symptomatic leaves collected randomly from 40 different plants. Only CMV was detected, in 50% of the tested samples. To confirm the presence of CMV, RT-PCR was performed with specific primers CPTALL-5′ (5′-YASYTTTDRGGTTCAATTCC-3′) and CPTALL-3′ (5′-GACTGACCATTTTAGCCG-3′) that amplified a 937 bp product containing the complete coat protein (CP) gene (Choi et al., 1999). The amplified RT-PCR
* Jin-Sung Hong [email protected] * Rae-Dong Jeong [email protected] 1
Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61185, South Korea
2
Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do Korea, South Korea
product was cloned and subjected to Sanger sequencing. The sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession No. LC504635). BLAST search analysis of the complete CP gene (657 nt) revealed the highest nucleotide identity (99%) with the CP gene of CMV isolates reported from Carthamus tinctorius (MH577792), Lonicera caprifolium (EU191027), Dahlia cultorum (DQ018292), Tulipa sp. (KJ854451), and Solanum lycopersicum (KC414925). The maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees constructed with the MEGA 5.05 shows that the new virus isolate, named CMV-AS, belonged to the CMV group II with CMV-Q (M21464), CMV-AS (AF198103), CMV-LS (AF127976), and CMV-S (AF063610). CMV-AS, from original symptomatic A. scaber plants positive for CMV, caused mild mosaic symptoms on Nicotiana benthamiana, N. glutinosa, N. rustica, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi nc., and Physalis alkekengi, whereas necrotic local lesions were observed in the mechanically inoculated leaves of Chenopodium amaranticolor at 3 days post inoculation (dpi). Systemic vein necrosis and mosaic were observed in C. amaranticolor and N. rustica, at 20 to 25 dpi, respectively. The presence of CMV was confirmed by RT-PCR with the aforementioned primers. To fulfil Koch’s postulates, vir
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