First report of tomato spotted wilt virus in Lycium chinense
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First report of tomato spotted wilt virus in Lycium chinense Hae-Ryun Kwak 1 & Seung-Wan Son 2 & Hyeon-Yong Choi 1 & Woo-Ri Go 1 & Jeong-Eun Kim 1 & Eseul Baek 1 & Mikyeong Kim 1 & Hong-Soo Choi 1 Received: 6 August 2019 / Accepted: 15 January 2020 # Australasian Plant Pathology Society Inc. 2020
Abstract Tospovirus transmitted by thrips can cause serious diseases in many economically important plants. Based on molecular and biological assays, a virus infecting boxthorn plants in Korea was identified as tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV in L. chinense. Keywords Boxthorn . Tospovirus . Thrips
Boxthorn (Lycium chinense) is a deciduous shrub belonging to the Solanaceae family and is a well-known medicinal plant in Asia (Kim and Chung 2009; Qian et al. 2004). In Korea, production and consumption of this plant have gradually increased due to its medicinal and nutritional value. In May 2018, virus-like symptoms, such as chlorotic and necrotic spots and mosaic on the leaves, necrosis on the stems, and stunting were observed on boxthorn plants in open fields and greenhouses in the Cheongyang area of South Korea (Fig. 1). Disease incidence was greater than 60% in approximately 1000 m 2 of cultivated land. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has recently been found to be problematic in chili plants in this important chili cultivation region of South Korea (Kwon et al., 2018). TSWV, as a member of the genus Orthotospovirus of family Tospoviridae, is transmitted by thrips and causes a serious disease in many economically important plants, including pepper Hae-Ryun Kwak, Seung-Wan Son and Hong-Soo Choi contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-020-0374-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hae-Ryun Kwak [email protected] * Hong-Soo Choi [email protected] 1
Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
2
Boxthorn Experiment Station of Chungnam-Do ARES, Cheongyang 33319, Republic of Korea
and tomato (Parrella et al. 2003). TSWV has been reported to infect other Lycium spp., such as Lycium ferocissimum and Lycium procissimum (Edwardson and Christie, 1997). We collected ten symptomatic boxthorn plant samples from two greenhouses and open fields, and then performed reverse transcription (RT)-PCR for TSWV, broad bean wilt virus 2, and cucumber mosaic virus, belonging to major pepperinfecting viruses in Korea. As a result, they were found to be infected with TSWV using specific primer pairs (TSWV-5F: 5′-GCACAACACACAGAAAGCAAA-3′, TSWV-6R: 5′AGAGCAATCGTGTCAATTTTATTC-3′) designed to amplify 1065 bp including the N gene based on reported nucleotide sequences of S segments of TSWV isolates in GenBank (Supplementary Table S1). Amplified fragments were obtained from all the leaf samples and directly sequenced. The nucleotide sequences among the ten isolates
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