FITC Embedded ZnO/Silica Nanocomposites as probe for detection of L-lactate: Point-of-Care diagnosis
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.158
FITC Embedded ZnO/Silica Nanocomposites as probe for detection of L-lactate: Point-of-Care diagnosis S. S. Joglekar1, P. V. Pimpliskar1, V. V. Sirdeshmukh2, P. S. Alegaonkar1 and A. A. Kale2 1
Department of Applied Physics, Defence Institute of Advanced technology, Pune-411025, India.
2
Applied Science Department, College of Engineering, Pune, Pune-411005, India.
Abstract: A novel Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) based ‘Turn-ON’ biosensor has been developed using fluorescent ZnO/APTMS-FITC (ZFA) nanoflakes as sensing probe. In this biosensor, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) is used for the detection of L-lactate, a diagnostic marker for abnormal physiological conditions like muscular dystrophy, myocardial infraction, abnormal tissue formation and tissue damage. Lactate Dehydrogeanse (LDH) catalyses the conversion of L-Lactate to L-Pyruvate, in presence of β-NAD reducing to βNADH. We tried to explore this mechanism with FRET based system for highly sensitive detection of L-Lactate. The fluorescence of these nanoflakes can be reversibly quenched in the presence of β-NAD.
INTRODUCTION: L-lactate, a metabolite produced during anaerobic metabolism of glucose in muscles, has emerged as an important biomarker for clinical analysis. L-lactate level increases significantly in some physiological disease like cancer [1], metastasis, tumour recurrence, renal failure, muscular dystrophy [2], congestive heart disease [3], tissue hypoxia, myocardial infarction [4]. Thus, monitoring L-lactate levels is of great significance for early diagnosis. In this regard, several techniques have been developed such as amperometry [5], calorimetry [6], high performance liquid chromatography [7], holography [8], magnetic resonance imaging [9], microwave sensing [10]. However, this method is time-consuming because of the requirement for pre-treatment and the complicated procedure involved. Therefore, the demand for a sensitive, simple, and accurate method has arisen. Over the past few years, various approaches based on lactate oxidase or LDH have been developed for the detection of lactate. They employ different methods to attach enzymes on the sensing layer, including adsorption [8], cross-linking [9], covalent attachment [10,11], conducting polymer entrapment [12,13], and
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confinement in sol-gel matrix [14]. Flow injection analysis [15,16] and mediator-based lactate biosensors [17] have also been developed. Among these, fluorescence analysis has become a powerful technique for rapid and sensitive detection [2]. Unlike organic dyes, quantum dots have unique physio-chemical properties like broad excitation spectrum, narrow emission spectrum, high quantum yield, resistance to photo-bleaching etc. making them a suitable cand
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