Synthesis of Au@PANI nanocomposites by complexation method and their application as label-free chemo probe for detection
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Bull Mater Sci (2020)43:307 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-020-02300-6
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Synthesis of Au@PANI nanocomposites by complexation method and their application as label-free chemo probe for detection of mercury ions LOVEPREET SINGH*
and VISHAL SINGH
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur 177005, India *Author for correspondence ([email protected]) MS received 10 June 2020; accepted 24 August 2020 Abstract. A novel optical probe consisting of Au@PANI (gold-polyaniline) nanocomposites was developed for detection of mercury ions (Hg(II)). The poly-dispersed Au@PANI nanocomposites were synthesized by complexation reaction method. Structural and functional properties of polymer nanocomposites were thoroughly studied. Au@PANI nanocomposites consist of nanorods and nanofibres with mean particle size 33.1 nm. Au@PANI nanocomposites consist of face-centred cubic crystal structure with average crystallite size of 19.1 nm. Raman spectroscopy was used in sensitive and selective detection of Hg(II) ions in dynamic range of 0.01–0.1 ppm with limit of detection of 0.014 ppm. Au@PANI nanocomposite sensor for Hg(II) ions has shown some sublime results in pH range 3–5. Au@PANI-based sensing probe can be beneficial for Hg(II) ions detection in highly sensitive biological, chemical and environmental analysis. Our sensing probe has shown good reproducibility and all recorded observations revealed that sensing probe consisting of Au@PANI nanocomposites is well suited for detection of Hg(II) ions. Keywords.
1.
Complexation reaction; mercury ions; optical nano probes; polymer nanocomposites; Raman spectroscopy.
Introduction
Polymer nanocomposites have been attracting a lot of attention due to their facile synthesis and good electrochemical properties [1,2]. A polymer nanocomposite comprises of two components, matrix and filler, where the filler size lies in nano-range (1–100 nm) that enhances the surface area of polymer nanocomposite [3,4]. Improvement in the properties of nanocomposites is generally achieved by a large interface area and a strong interaction between the components [5]. Conducting polymers play an important role when we want to use polymer nanocomposites as sensors. Conducting polymers show identical electrical and optical properties of semiconductors and metals simultaneously. They exhibit light weight, high flexibility, low cost and easy synthesis routes [6]. Polyaniline (PANI) is among those conducting polymers that exhibit high stability along with good electrical, electrochemical and optical properties. Its conductivity magnitude is much higher than the conventional polymers (\10-9 S cm-1), but has lower value as compared to typical metals [7]. In comparison with other conducting polymers, PANI is regarded as the most effective polymer because it is comparatively inexpensive, easy
to synthesize and comprises of high conductivity, which enables smooth coupling PANI with metallic nanoparticles [8]. Metallic
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