Flow cytometric determination of genome size for eight commercially important fish species in China
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ow cytometric determination of genome size for eight commercially important fish species in China Dongmei Zhu & Wen Song & Kun Yang & Xiaojuan Cao & Yasmeen Gul & Weiming Wang
Received: 24 March 2012 / Accepted: 3 August 2012 / Published online: 6 September 2012 / Editor: T. Okamoto # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2012
Abstract The genome size (C value) of eight commercially important fish species in China was measured using flow cytometry. Chicken (Gallus domesticus) erythrocytes were used as reference cells. When using propidium iodide (PI) as the fluorescent dye, genome sizes were 1.09±0.08, 2.75± 0.12, 1.05±0.05, 1.35±0.11, 0.99±0.05, 0.90±0.08, 0.90± 0.07, and 0.88±0.07 pg for Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica), mullet (Myxocyprinus asiaticus), yellowcheek carp (Elopichthys bambusa), blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala), yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), ricefield eel (Monopterus albus), mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), and snakehead (Ophicephalus argus), respectively. However, genome sizes were 1.25±0.00, 3.08±0.02, 1.25± 0.00, 1.57±0.01, 0.96±0.01, 1.00±0.01, 0.91±0.01, and 0.89±0.01 pg for these fishes, respectively, when 4′, 6diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used as the fluorescent dye. Regardless of the dye used, the more evolutionarily advanced species had a smaller genome size than those with a lower evolutionary status. For each species, we also measured the size of erythrocytes and their nucleus and evaluated the relationships between erythrocyte size, nucleus size, chromosome number, and genome size. Genome size was positively correlated with erythrocyte nucleus size and chromosome number when using PI as the fluorescent dye, but it was only correlated with erythrocyte nucleus size when DAPI was used. D. Zhu : W. Song : K. Yang : X. Cao : W. Wang (*) College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430-070, China e-mail: [email protected] Y. Gul Department of Biosciences, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal 570-00, Pakistan
Keywords Flow cytometry . Genome size . Teleosts . Erythrocytes
Introduction Genome size (C value), measured as the haploid DNA content per cell (in picograms; 1 pg010−12 g), is a distinctive characteristic of a given species, as it is constant among different individuals of the same species. Accordingly, measurement of genome size represents a parameter of great utility for taxonomic studies. Genome size has been related to phylogenetic framework and evolution in vertebrates (Ciudad et al. 2002). In addition, genome size was shown to have positive and negative correlations with several ecophysiological traits. For example, cell and nuclear size, duration of the cell cycle, and duration of development and differentiation (Pagel and Johnstone 1992) appear to correlate positively with genome size. In contrast, metabolic rates, flower size, and impacts of altitude on grasses have been shown to correlate negatively with genome
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