Fruit quality and DNA methylation are affected by parental order in reciprocal crosses of tomato
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Fruit quality and DNA methylation are affected by parental order in reciprocal crosses of tomato Magalí Diana Gimenez1,2 · Dana Valeria Vazquez1 · Felipe Trepat3 · Vladimir Cambiaso1,3 · Gustavo Rubén Rodríguez1,3 Received: 30 August 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Key message Reciprocal effects were found for tomato fruit quality and DNA methylation. The epigenetic identity of reciprocal hybrids indicates that DNA methylation might be one of the mechanisms involved in POEs. Abstract Crosses between different genotypes and even between different species are commonly used in plant breeding programs. Reciprocal hybrids are obtained by changing the cross direction (or the sexual role) of parental genotypes in a cross. Phenotypic differences between these hybrids constitute reciprocal effects (REs). The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic differences in tomato fruit traits and DNA methylation profiles in three inter- and intraspecific reciprocal crosses. REs were detected for 13 of the 16 fruit traits analyzed. The number of traits with REs was the lowest in the interspecific cross, whereas the highest was found in the cross between recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the same interspecific cross. An extension of gene action analysis was proposed to incorporate parent-of-origin effects (POEs). Maternal and paternal dominance were found in four fruit traits. REs and paternal inheritance were found for epiloci located at coding and non-coding regions. The epigenetic identity displayed by the reciprocal hybrids accounts for the phenotypic differences among them, indicating that DNA methylation might be one of the mechanisms involved in POEs. Keywords DNA methylation · Gene action · Parent-of-origin · Reciprocal effect · Reciprocal hybrids · Solanum lycopersicum
Introduction
Communicated by Neal Stewart. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02624-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Gustavo Rubén Rodríguez rodriguez@iicar‑conicet.gob.ar 1
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario (IICAR-CONICET-UNR), Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
2
Present Address: CIGEOBIO, (CONICET‑UNSJ), Complejo Universitario “Islas Malvinas”, FCEFN, Universidad de San Juan, Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590, J5402DCS Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina
3
Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a model species for genetic research and breeding methods. The artificial crosses to generate variability in this crop are often made in only one direction. A reciprocal cross is obtained when the cross direction of the parental genotypes is inverted. Inheritance models based on Mendelian genetics assume that the transmission of fe
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