Fundamental Science Drives Innovation

The question on the value of public investment in Big Science seems to return following a period of economic slow-down and turmoil in Europe and around the world. This essay shows that investment in fundamental research has a strong social impact—extendin

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Hans Peter Beck Panagiotis Charitos Editors

The Economics of Big Science Essays by Leading Scientists and Policymakers Foreword by Rolf-Dieter Heuer

Science Policy Reports

The series Science Policy Reports presents the endorsed results of important studies in basic and applied areas of science and technology. They include, to give just a few examples: panel reports exploring the practical and economic feasibility of a new technology; R&D studies of development opportunties for particular materials, devices or other inventions; reports by responsible bodies on technology standardization in developing branches of industry. Sponsored typically by large organizations—government agencies, watchdogs, funding bodies, standards institutes, international consortia—the studies selected for Science Policy Reports will disseminate carefully compiled information, detailed data and in-depth analysis to a wide audience. They will bring out implications of scientific discoveries and technologies in societal, cultural, environmental, political and/or commercial contexts and will enable interested parties to take advantage of new opportunities and exploit on-going development processes to the full.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8882

Hans Peter Beck • Panagiotis Charitos Editors

The Economics of Big Science Essays by Leading Scientists and Policymakers

Foreword by Rolf-Dieter Heuer

Editors Hans Peter Beck Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory of High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern, Switzerland

Panagiotis Charitos Department of Experimental Physics CERN Geneva, Switzerland

ISSN 2213-1965 ISSN 2213-1973 (electronic) Science Policy Reports ISBN 978-3-030-52390-9 ISBN 978-3-030-52391-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52391-6 This book is an open access publication. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe t