Genome-wide analysis of glutathione S-transferase gene family in G. max
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genome-wide analysis of glutathione S-transferase gene family in G. max Muhammad Zulfiqar Ahmad 1 & Jamal Abdul Nasir 2 & Shakeel Ahmed 3 & Bushra Ahmad 4 & Aiman Sana 2 & Said Salman 2 & Zamarud Shah 5 & CunYi Yang 1 Received: 17 October 2019 / Accepted: 21 February 2020 # Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are prevalent enzymes, capable of multifaceted tasks like cellular detoxification and stress resistance. Our study was focused on the thorough genome-wide investigation of the GST gene family in the soybean (G. max). The results of this study led to the identification of no less than 74 GST genes in soybean, which is higher than several other reported species. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GSTs can be subdivided into various classes with each individual class being significantly conserved. Maximum members of the GST family has found in tau class being 37 members, preceding phi and lambda class. Studies for chromosomal localization demonstrated significantly lopsided allocation of GmGST genes all over the soybean genome. Several members of GmGST revealed tissue-specific expression during the transcript profiling for 74 GmGST genes. Furthermore, responsive cisregulatory elements have found in GmGST genes during promoter analysis. The 12 paralogous pairs have found due to segmental duplication in the GmGST gene family and present on 19 different chromosomes. The Ka/Ks ratio of paralogous pair showed that the evolution in duplicated genes was under purifying selection and duplication has done during recent and ancient times as well. Such findings will help for future studies on GST genes in soybean related to the functional and evolutionary characterization. Keywords Soybean . Glutathione S-transferases . Genome wide . Ka/Ks ratio . Positive selection
Abbreviations ABRE Abscisic acid responsive elements CDS Coding DNA sequences
DHAR EF1B γ
Dehydroascorbate reductase γ-subunit of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1B
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-020-00463-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * CunYi Yang [email protected] Muhammad Zulfiqar Ahmad [email protected]
Zamarud Shah [email protected] 1
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Guangdong Sub-center of National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
Shakeel Ahmed [email protected]
2
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
Bushra Ahmad [email protected]
3
Institute de Fermacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, 5090000 Valdivis, Chile
Aiman Sana [email protected]
4
Department of Biochemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
Said Salman [email protected]
5
Depa
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